Penilaian Risiko Interaksi Obat pada Pasien dengan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that has the risk of causing both macrovascular and microvascular complications, which results in numerous number of drugs prescribed. Increased number of drugs prescribed can elevate the risk of drug interactions. The purpose of this study was to determine the description and potency of the incidence of drug interactions that occurred in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research was non-experimental that observed retrospectively with a crosssectional approach. Subjects were outpatient type 2 DM patients at Panembahan Senopati Hospital Bantul in 2015 who had fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with a total of 260 prescription sheets. Drug interaction events were identified based on the Drug Interaction Facts literature by Tatro and Stockley’s Drug Interaction. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the Chi-Square test and the calculation of risk of incidence of drug interactions was displayed by odds ratio. The results showed that of the 260 prescription sheets analyzed, there were 121 identified potential drug interactions with the largest percentage is the interaction between insulin and aspirin (14.29%). Hypothesis testing using Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship (p=0.000) between the amount of drug prescribing and the potential occurrence of drug interactions (p<0.05). Result of odds ratio showed that patients receiving drugs ≥5 had 3.657 times higher risk of potential drug interaction (95% CI 2.173–6.157).