18. Privity and third parties

T. Arvind
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Abstract

This chapter examines how English law, through a doctrine known as privity of contract, deals with the problem posed by contracts whose performance involves third parties. According to the doctrine of privity, a contract ordinarily only affects persons who are party to it. Third parties are neither bound by the contract nor entitled to claim rights under the contract. However, the courts and Parliament developed a number of exceptions to the strict rule of privity, each of which gives third parties a right to sue under the contract in a certain type of situation. For example, the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 gives third party beneficiaries a right to enforce contract terms. This chapter first considers the problem of third party rights in contracting before discussing the effects of privity and the provisions of the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 in more detail.
18. 私隐和第三方
本章考察英国法律如何通过一种被称为“合同的相互关系”的原则来处理涉及第三方履行的合同所带来的问题。根据相对性原则,合同通常只影响合同的当事人。第三方不受合同约束,也无权要求合同项下的权利。然而,法院和议会对严格的串通原则制定了若干例外,每一例外都赋予第三方在某种情况下根据合同提起诉讼的权利。例如,1999年《合同(第三方权利)法》赋予第三方受益人执行合同条款的权利。本章首先考虑合同中的第三方权利问题,然后更详细地讨论私权的影响和1999年《合同(第三方权利)法》的规定。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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