Hyperchromic and Erythematous Pityriasis: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Pityriasis versicolor is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, characterized by pigmentary changes secondary to the colonization of the stratum corneum by a lipophilic dimorphic fungus known as Malassezia sp. Of this genus, 7 species known as the causative agent of pityriasis versicolor, the most frequently isolated species is M. Globosa. This skin disease occurs worldwide but predominates in the tropical, warm, and humid climate. Malassezia sp classified as dimorphic fungi since it behaves as yeast in crops but is capable of producing filaments in its parasitic form. It comes with numerous hyper, hypochromic or erythematous macules, covered with fine flake that converges to form plaques of different morphologies. The most frequent topography is the trunk, the shoulders, and chest in front and back. The diagnosis is clinical, but a mycological study with direct examination must be done. Clusters of rounded or oval yeast clusters are found also fragmented short and thick filaments. The treatment is divided between specific and nonspecific antifungal agents. Recurrences are frequent, up from 60% in the first year and 80% in the second year, so it should be emphasized general measures of treatment.