FACADE SYSTEMS AS SHAPE-FORMING ELEMENTS OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE. ANALISE OF THE PRACTICE OF APPLICATION FACADE SYSTEMS IN GERMANY – IN A CITIES FÜRT AND NUREMBERG

Abstract

. Using selected examples, the article analyzes the results of the use of facade systems and identifies trends in their impact on the quality of architecture. A few publications are analyzed that relate to the important characteristics of the facade system. These publications: reflect the history of the formation of modern facade systems in the process of development of methods of design and construction of skyscrapers by industrial methods; a description of vario us types of dynamic archit ecture is given; the princ iples of designing an energy efficient building are considered; describes the technologies of digital modeling of structures, including facade systems using parametric programs. Using several examples from Germany, the article shows various results of solving architectural problems by using facade systems in the context of city historical environment. The article contains photos objects that use facade systems. The author of the article concludes that facade systems serve not only as functional structural elements of enclosing structures, but also become a fullfledged architectural solution. Facade systems are not only the «face» of a modern building, but it is also a factor of influence on the very approaches to building design. The facade becomes not only a fence and decoration, but also a complex technological device for regulating the microclimate of the room, part of the engineering equipment of the building, devices for regulating the microclimate, energy generation, etc. are installed in it. Facade systems actively influence on the de signer's thinking and his ways of working and stimulate the development of new principles of shaping, in which architecture is thought of as consisting of stationary capital, static elements and lightweight replaceable «cartridges» of the facade system equipment. To achieve high architectural quality of architectural and engineering solutions, architects and designers are advised not only to use elements of facade systems in their projects, but also to change the very philosophy of an architectural object, design principles, and aesthetic concepts of architecture and urban.