Relationship between Aiming Patterns and Scores in Archery Shooting

Abstract

Advances in recent technology have enabled miniaturization, low power consumption, and wireless communication, which have facilitated the acquisition of basic data (electromyography, movement, etc.) especially for motion analysis in the field of sports science. A study by Stuart and Atha (1990), which was the first to analyze postural consistency in the field of archery, attached markers on the archer's head and the elbow of the drawing arm, as well as on the bow above where the bow was held by the hand. The authors then recorded the changes in the position of those aforementioned markers with a camera when the bowstring was released, and subsequently analyzed the recorded motion. In a recent study by Ertan (2009), the muscle activation patterns of the M. flexor digitorum superficialis (MFDS) and M. extensor digitorum (MED) in the bow arm during bowstring release were measured by electromyographic (EMG) signals, and the findings were analyzed. In addition, motion analysis was conducted in a study by Horask and Heller (2011) by attaching 20 markers on the hand of the drawing arm (more specifically, the fingers, top of the hand, and wrist) and using eight infrared cameras to record the positional changes in the markers during bowstring release. In short, these studies analyzed the motion of the moment of arrow release and used cameras or EMG signals for data acquisition. Cameras have limited use in places sensitive to light, and it is cumbersome to attach markers. However, motion analysis systems combined with cameras are widely used as analysis tools, and similarly, although there are many tools that analyze EMG signals, these tools require great care with respect to the locations and methods of attaching the electrodes. Consideration must also be given to whether such systems can be easily applied to athletes, in nonlaboratory settings, for data acquisition. A study by Kian, Ghomshe and Norang (2013) also used cameras to analyze the bow arm movements. A recent study by Polak, Kulasa, VencesBrito, Castro and Fernandes (2016) that investigated motion analysis systems showed that various tools or systems are available for motion analysis in the field of sports science, and systems that utilize inertia sensors (acceleration) are quite notable in particular, resulting in a broad range of choice in motion analysis tools. Despite this fact, a closer look at recent studies in the sports science KJSB Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics 2016; 26(4): 353-360 http://dx.doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2016.26.4.353 http://e-kjsb.org eISSN 2093-9752 ORIGINAL