Invisible People

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Abstract

The Upper Cumberland Plateau is an elevated sandstone tableland area that only became historically significant during the first quarter of the 19 Century. The philosophy of “Manifest Destiny” that stimulated late 18 Century, settlement of Frankfort, Lexington, and Burnside, Kentucky, and Pall Mall, Athens, and Knoxville, Tennessee was not enough to overcome the remoteness, inaccessibility, and poor soil of the Cumberland Plateau. The more choice lands surrounding the Upper Cumberland Plateau were settled first and only after that did the Plateau begin to be settled. Oral histories reveal that most of the migrants into the area were involved in extractive industries. Foremost among these were the fur trade and later salt manufacturing and niter mining. These pioneers eventually attracted settlers who established small subsistence farms and towns later grew up to serve the needs of these widespread farms. As these towns grew and the Civil War came and went transportation corridors began to open up. Roads were cut through the wilderness, commercial logging traffic plied the rivers and the Southern Railroad was built through the area in the late1870’s. African-Americans, according to many older residents of Scott, Fentress, and Pickett Counties, Tennessee, never lived in this area. However, census data, photographs, and numerous black cemeteries attest to the presence of citizens of African American ancestry.
看不见的人
上坎伯兰高原是一个高架的砂岩台地地区,直到19世纪前25年才具有重要的历史意义。“天定命运”的哲学刺激了18世纪后期的法兰克福、列克星敦、肯塔基的伯恩赛德、雅典的波尔美尔和田纳西州的诺克斯维尔的移民,但这不足以克服坎伯兰高原的偏远、交通不便和贫瘠的土壤。上坎伯兰高原周围更多的选择土地是首先有人定居的,只有在那之后,高原才开始有人定居。口述历史表明,进入该地区的大多数移民都从事采掘业。其中最重要的是皮毛贸易以及后来的制盐和开采。这些拓荒者最终吸引了定居者,他们建立了小型自给农场和后来发展起来的城镇,以满足这些广泛农场的需要。随着这些城镇的发展和南北战争的爆发,交通走廊开始开放。道路在荒野中开辟,商业伐木车辆在河流上穿梭,南方铁路在19世纪70年代后期穿过该地区建成。据田纳西州斯科特、芬特雷斯和皮克特县的许多老年居民说,非洲裔美国人从来没有住在这个地区。然而,人口普查数据、照片和许多黑人墓地证明了非洲裔美国人祖先的存在。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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