A Review of Optimising the Design of a New Coke Drum Skirt

A. Berry, W. Brown, A. Seijas, Sarah Cook
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Abstract

Coke drums are subjected to severe thermal cycling with the skirt to shell connection weld being vulnerable to fatigue cracking. It is essential this connection is well designed to ensure a long life before repairs are inevitably required. Much has been written on coke drum skirt design with the aim of reducing the thermal stresses and strains encountered at the skirt connection weld, some designs have removed the weld completely allowing the drum to sit in an “egg-in-cup” arrangement. This paper includes a short literature review discussing Coke drum skirt designs and explains skirt behaviour during the drum cycle that results in eventual skirt cracking. A case study is reviewed in detail for a new pair of coke drums, where the predicted fatigue life of the chosen welded connection is assessed using axisymmetric, quarter symmetry and half symmetry finite element analysis supported by thermocouple data. The optimised design focuses on a conventional tangential design where the effects of the essential variables such as skirt thickness, skirt connection location, skirt-to head-gap and slot design (length, location & spacing) have been modelled and optimised to obtain a skirt design that produces the longest fatigue life for the intended duty cycle. Coke drum skirts must be installed onto the shell to exacting tolerances during manufacture to ensure concentricity and minimal gap between the skirt and shell. A brief overview of how this is achieved will be presented.
新型焦炭转炉裙架优化设计综述
焦炭桶经受剧烈的热循环,裙壳连接焊缝容易疲劳开裂。这种连接必须设计良好,以确保在不可避免地需要维修之前具有较长的使用寿命。很多关于焦炭转鼓裙边设计的文章都是为了降低裙边连接焊缝处的热应力和应变,有些设计完全去掉了焊缝,使转鼓处于“蛋在杯”的结构中。本文包括一个简短的文献综述讨论焦炭鼓裙裙设计和解释裙裙行为在鼓循环,导致最终裙裙开裂。以一对新型焦炭筒为例,采用热电偶数据支持的轴对称、四分之一对称和半对称有限元分析对所选焊接连接的预测疲劳寿命进行了评估。优化设计的重点是传统的切向设计,在切向设计中,对裙板厚度、裙板连接位置、裙板与封头间隙和槽设计(长度、位置和间距)等基本变量的影响进行了建模和优化,以获得在预期工作周期内产生最长疲劳寿命的裙板设计。在制造过程中,焦炭筒裙部必须按照严格的公差安装在筒体上,以确保裙部与筒体之间的同心度和最小的间隙。本文将简要概述如何实现这一目标。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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