DIETARY INADEQUACIES IN THE ELDERLY WITH ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE FOLLOWED AT THE REFERENCE HEALTH CENTER FOR ELDERLY CARE IN CURITIBA – BRAZIL

D. R. Lecheta, I. Berkenbrock, J. C. Neto
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Abstract

Background: Dietary changes are frequent in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective: to assess the dietary intake of elderly with AD. Design: cross sectional study. Setting: AD patients followed at the Health Center of Elderly Care Ouvidor Pardinho, in Curitiba/Brazil, from November/2010 to July/2011. Participants: 96 individuals. Measurements: the scales used were the Mini Nutritional Assessment to determine the nutritional status and the Clinical Dementia Rating to set the stage of dementia. The average food intake of three days was analyzed for energy, carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron and liquids, and compared with the individualized nutritional recommendations. Results: 96 elderly patients were evaluated. The mean age was 78.0 ± 6.52 years, and most of them had mild AD (54.2%) and risk of malnutrition (55.2%). All of them were oral fed and 37.5% received modified consistency food. Regarding independence for feeding: 44.8% of the elderly needed assistance to serve food, 31.3% did not eat when the meal was not offered by the caregiver, and 31.3% ate less than usual. Regarding dietary adequacy: 41.7% had low-calorie diet, 46.9% low-protein diet, and most of the patients had insufficient intake of vitamins A and C, calcium and iron. Decreased appetite occurred in 31.3% of the elderly. Conclusion: the dietary intake of AD patients is inadequate when compared with nutritional recommendations. Caregivers should be informed about the need of specialized nutritional monitoring and feeding assistance for the demented patient since the early stage of the disease.
在库里蒂巴-巴西的老年保健参考中心对老年痴呆症患者的饮食不足进行了随访
背景:阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者经常改变饮食。目的:评价老年AD患者的膳食摄入量。设计:横断面研究。背景:2010年11月至2011年7月,在巴西库里蒂巴的老年护理提供者Pardinho健康中心对AD患者进行随访。参与者:96人。测量方法:使用的量表是确定营养状况的迷你营养评估和确定痴呆阶段的临床痴呆等级。分析了三天的平均食物摄入量,包括能量、碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素A、维生素C、钙、铁和液体,并与个性化营养建议进行了比较。结果:对96例老年患者进行了评价。平均年龄为78.0±6.52岁,以轻度AD(54.2%)和营养不良风险(55.2%)居多。全部为口服喂养,37.5%为改良稠度食品。在独立进食方面:44.8%的老人需要协助提供食物,31.3%的老人在没有照顾者提供食物时不吃饭,31.3%的老人吃得比平时少。在饮食充分性方面:41.7%的患者为低热量饮食,46.9%的患者为低蛋白质饮食,大部分患者维生素A、C、钙、铁摄入不足。31.3%的老年人出现食欲下降。结论:与营养推荐相比,AD患者的膳食摄入量不足。护理人员应该被告知需要专门的营养监测和喂养援助的痴呆症患者,因为疾病的早期阶段。
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