Assessment of Histomorphological Studies on Major Lymphoid Organs of Japanese Quail and Its Role on the Base of Age and Gender

Abstract

The histomorphology in quail, it is yet not to be done fully. Therefore, the present research has been carried out to understand the histomorphological architecture of the lymphoid organs (thymus, spleen, bursa of fabricius and intestinal villus) in Japanese quail. Initially 24 quail chicks were weighed and randomly divided into three age groups, i.e., a (2 weeks), b (4 weeks) and c (6 weeks). Histological study was performed on 3 μm thick transverse section, cut by microtome then fixed on slide and stained with haematoxylin and eosin, counter stain then tissue sections were examined on a Nikon phase contrast microscope the results of the gross morphology showed weight, length and width of lymphoid organs in all three age groups were insignificantly (p>0.05) higher in females than males, whereas, they were significantly (p 0.05) higher in females than males. However, they were significantly (p<0.05) higher in group c, b and a respectively. Thymus shows immature fine fibrous connective tissue capsule, septa were invaded by lobules into cortex and medulla, and spleen was encapsulated by thin fibroblastic contained numerous smooth muscle cells & elastic fibers in their elliptical capsule. It can be concluded that the size of the thymus, bursa of fabricius and spleen reached its maximum at 5 to 6 week of age in male and 6 to 7 in female. Regression of thymic lobules, splenic nodules and bursal follicles were noticed with a clear change in shape with advancement of age from 2 to 6 week of age with an increased number of hassall’s corpuscles and adipocytes, whereas, height and width of intestinal villi were significantly higher from 2 to 6 week followed by thymic lobules, splenic pulp, and bursal follicle.