Bimaxillary protrusion: A literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Bimaxillary protrusion is an occlusal feature characterized by protrusive and proclined upper and lower incisors, associated with increased flattening of the lips and greater than average degree of lip prominence. It is considered one of the malocclusion types that stimulate patients to seek orthodontic treatment to improve facial symmetry. Objective: To conduct a literature review on bimaxillary protrusion with respect to its aetiological factors, morphological features, prevalence, diagnosis, and management. Methods: Relevant sources of information were searched using electronic databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, ResearchGate, and Web of Science. A total of 28 articles were considered and included in the literature review. Results: It was observed that bimaxillary proclination is prevalent among Asian, African, African-American, and the Caribbean regions, but less prevalent in white Caucasian populations. Treatment of patients with bimaxillary protrusion by extraction of four premolars was found to be successful in decreasing the dental and soft tissue procumbency seen in patients with bimaxillary protrusion. Conclusion: Successful treatment of patients with bimaxillary protrusion starts with a good understanding of the patient’s concerns and sometimes, a close collaboration between an orthodontist and an oral surgeon.