Passive Mechanical Metamaterial Sensor and Actuator

U. Waheed, C. Myant
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Abstract

In recent years, and with the continual development of additive manufacturing technologies, mechanical metamaterials have been explored for their programmable nature. This has opened a new design space into devices using functional materials. In this paper, a novel mechanical metamaterial device is designed, combining anisotropic 3D unit cells to slender beams. By controlling the separation distance between the fixed ends of a slender beam, the mechanism can be tuned to transition between monostable and bistable states. This behaves as a sensor and actuator, allowing mechanical signals to pass only when the correct actuation pattern is received. The device is shown to be inherently passive as it returns to a monostable state after actuation. Two different designs have successfully demonstrated this repeatable behaviour. A multi-material PolyJet printed mechanism joining unit cells to a Von Mises Truss, and an SLA printed compliant mechanism coupling unit cells to thin slender beams. A novel approach in performing AND/OR mechanical logic has also been successfully demonstrated by manipulating the mechanical metamaterial when in a bias state. The proposed devices have application in soft robotic systems, the aerospace industry and in the nuclear sector, where there is a need for passive safety systems that are not reliant on electronic systems, and respond to environmental stimuli. The printed mechanisms highlight the potential for mechanical metamaterials to be used as tunable sensors and actuators for future engineering applications.
被动机械超材料传感器和执行器
近年来,随着增材制造技术的不断发展,人们对机械超材料的可编程特性进行了探索。这为使用功能材料的设备开辟了一个新的设计空间。本文设计了一种将各向异性三维单元胞与细长梁相结合的新型机械超材料装置。通过控制细长梁固定端之间的分离距离,可以实现单稳态和双稳态之间的转换。它充当传感器和致动器,只有在接收到正确的致动模式时,才允许机械信号通过。该装置显示出固有的被动,因为它在驱动后返回到单稳态。两种不同的设计已经成功地证明了这种可重复的行为。多材料PolyJet打印机构将单元单元连接到Von Mises桁架上,而SLA打印的柔性机构将单元单元连接到细长的梁上。通过在偏置状态下操纵机械超材料,成功地证明了一种执行AND/OR机械逻辑的新方法。所提出的装置在软机器人系统、航空航天工业和核部门都有应用,这些领域需要不依赖于电子系统的被动安全系统,并对环境刺激做出反应。印刷机构突出了机械超材料在未来工程应用中用作可调传感器和致动器的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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