Maintaining Transcriptional Specificity Through Mitosis.

IF 7.7 2区 生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Kenji Ito, Kenneth S Zaret
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引用次数: 10

Abstract

Virtually all cell types have the same DNA, yet each type exhibits its own cell-specific pattern of gene expression. During the brief period of mitosis, the chromosomes exhibit changes in protein composition and modifications, a marked condensation, and a consequent reduction in transcription. Yet as cells exit mitosis, they reactivate their cell-specific programs with high fidelity. Initially, the field focused on the subset of transcription factors that are selectively retained in, and hence bookmark, chromatin in mitosis. However, recent studies show that many transcription factors can be retained in mitotic chromatin and that, surprisingly, such retention can be due to nonspecific chromatin binding. Here, we review the latest studies focusing on low-level transcription via promoters, rather than enhancers, as contributing to mitotic memory, as well as new insights into chromosome structure dynamics, histone modifications, cell cycle signaling, and nuclear envelope proteins that together ensure the fidelity of gene expression through a round of mitosis.

通过有丝分裂维持转录特异性。
几乎所有的细胞类型都有相同的DNA,但每种类型都表现出自己的细胞特异性基因表达模式。在有丝分裂的短暂时期,染色体表现出蛋白质组成和修饰的变化,明显的凝结,以及随之而来的转录减少。然而,当细胞退出有丝分裂时,它们以高保真度重新激活它们的细胞特异性程序。最初,该领域专注于有丝分裂中选择性保留在染色质中的转录因子子集,从而标记染色质。然而,最近的研究表明,许多转录因子可以保留在有丝分裂染色质中,令人惊讶的是,这种保留可能是由于非特异性染色质结合。在这里,我们回顾了最新的研究,重点是通过启动子而不是增强子进行低水平转录,以促进有丝分裂记忆,以及染色体结构动力学,组蛋白修饰,细胞周期信号传导和核包膜蛋白的新见解,这些新见解共同确保了基因在一轮有丝分裂中的表达保真度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.90
自引率
1.10%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Since its inception in 2000, the Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics has been dedicated to showcasing significant developments in genomics as they pertain to human genetics and the human genome. The journal emphasizes genomic technology, genome structure and function, genetic modification, human variation and population genetics, human evolution, and various aspects of human genetic diseases, including individualized medicine.
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