[Attenuated negative symptoms in the structure of youth depression].

Abstract

Objective: To detect negative symptoms in adolescent depression, to determine their psychopathological structure and predictive significance.

Material and methods: Seventy-one young in-patients (average age 19.5±2.4 years) (main group) and 52 in-patients (average age 19.8±2.7 years) (comparison group) with the diagnosis «Depressive episode» according to ICD-10 F32.1, F32.2 were examined. Inclusion criterion in the main group was attenuated negative symptoms (ANS) in adolescent depression. Clinical-psychopathological and psychometric examination was carried out using HDRS, SOPS, SANS. The statistical analysis was done by Statistica 12.

Results: Adolescent depression with ANS was more persistent than depression in the comparison group (27.5±17.2 month versus 7.0±6.3, p<0.001), there was higher level of positive symptoms and disorganization symptoms on the respective SOPS sub-scales (7 [5; 9] and 4.5 [3; 8.75], p=0.002; 8 [6; 10] and 5.5 [3.25; 7], p<0.001, respectively). According to the psychopathological structure of the negative symptoms, patients in the main group were divided into a subgroup (n=38, 53.5%) with the predominance of emotional spectrum disorders and a subgroup (n=33, 46.5%) with the predominant involvement of the volition spectrum. ANS in the negative SOPS sub-scale were significantly higher (p=0.045) in patients of the subgroup with volitional disorders. Also, a total HDRS score, reflecting the severity of depressive symptoms, was significantly higher compared to a subgroup with the predominance of emotional spectrum disorders (p=0.038).

Conclusion: The results show that it is possible to clinically verify negative symptoms in the adolescent depression, which makes it possible to assign such patients to the risk group of manifestation of schizophrenia, and to assign depression with ANS to the model of the initial stage of schizophrenic process.