Towards Artificial Intelligence Augmenting Facilitation: AI Affordances in Macro-Task Crowdsourcing.

IF 3.6 4区 管理学 Q2 MANAGEMENT
Henner Gimpel, Vanessa Graf-Seyfried, Robert Laubacher, Oliver Meindl
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Crowdsourcing holds great potential: macro-task crowdsourcing can, for example, contribute to work addressing climate change. Macro-task crowdsourcing aims to use the wisdom of a crowd to tackle non-trivial tasks such as wicked problems. However, macro-task crowdsourcing is labor-intensive and complex to facilitate, which limits its efficiency, effectiveness, and use. Technological advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) might overcome these limits by supporting the facilitation of crowdsourcing. However, AI's potential for macro-task crowdsourcing facilitation needs to be better understood for this to happen. Here, we turn to affordance theory to develop this understanding. Affordances help us describe action possibilities that characterize the relationship between the facilitator and AI, within macro-task crowdsourcing. We follow a two-stage, bottom-up approach: The initial development stage is based on a structured analysis of academic literature. The subsequent validation & refinement stage includes two observed macro-task crowdsourcing initiatives and six expert interviews. From our analysis, we derive seven AI affordances that support 17 facilitation activities in macro-task crowdsourcing. We also identify specific manifestations that illustrate the affordances. Our findings increase the scholarly understanding of macro-task crowdsourcing and advance the discourse on facilitation. Further, they help practitioners identify potential ways to integrate AI into crowdsourcing facilitation. These results could improve the efficiency of facilitation activities and the effectiveness of macro-task crowdsourcing.

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走向人工智能增强促进:宏观任务众包中的人工智能支持。
众包具有巨大的潜力:例如,宏观任务众包可以为应对气候变化的工作做出贡献。宏观任务众包旨在利用群体的智慧来解决棘手问题等重要任务。然而,宏观任务众包是劳动密集型的,操作起来很复杂,这限制了它的效率、有效性和使用。人工智能(AI)的技术进步可能会通过支持促进众包来克服这些限制。然而,为了实现这一目标,人工智能在宏观任务众包促进方面的潜力需要得到更好的理解。在这里,我们转向支持理论来发展这种理解。在宏观任务众包中,功能支持帮助我们描述表征促进者和人工智能之间关系的行动可能性。我们遵循两个阶段,自下而上的方法:最初的发展阶段是基于对学术文献的结构化分析。随后的验证和改进阶段包括两个观察到的宏观任务众包计划和六个专家访谈。从我们的分析中,我们得出了七个支持宏观任务众包中的17个促进活动的人工智能功能。我们还确定了说明启示的具体表现。我们的研究结果增加了对宏观任务众包的学术理解,并推动了关于促进的论述。此外,它们还帮助从业者确定将人工智能整合到众包促进中的潜在方法。这些结果可以提高促进活动的效率和宏观任务众包的有效性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
32
期刊介绍: The idea underlying the journal, Group Decision and Negotiation, emerges from evolving, unifying approaches to group decision and negotiation processes. These processes are complex and self-organizing involving multiplayer, multicriteria, ill-structured, evolving, dynamic problems. Approaches include (1) computer group decision and negotiation support systems (GDNSS), (2) artificial intelligence and management science, (3) applied game theory, experiment and social choice, and (4) cognitive/behavioral sciences in group decision and negotiation. A number of research studies combine two or more of these fields. The journal provides a publication vehicle for theoretical and empirical research, and real-world applications and case studies. In defining the domain of group decision and negotiation, the term `group'' is interpreted to comprise all multiplayer contexts. Thus, organizational decision support systems providing organization-wide support are included. Group decision and negotiation refers to the whole process or flow of activities relevant to group decision and negotiation, not only to the final choice itself, e.g. scanning, communication and information sharing, problem definition (representation) and evolution, alternative generation and social-emotional interaction. Descriptive, normative and design viewpoints are of interest. Thus, Group Decision and Negotiation deals broadly with relation and coordination in group processes. Areas of application include intraorganizational coordination (as in operations management and integrated design, production, finance, marketing and distribution, e.g. as in new products and global coordination), computer supported collaborative work, labor-management negotiations, interorganizational negotiations, (business, government and nonprofits -- e.g. joint ventures), international (intercultural) negotiations, environmental negotiations, etc. The journal also covers developments of software f or group decision and negotiation.
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