Longitudinal study of the effects of price and promotion incentives on purchases of unhealthy foods: evidence for restricting food promotions.

IF 3.3 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Daniel Kopasker, Ourega-Zoé Ejebu, Patricia Norwood, Anne Ludbrook
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Taxes and restrictions on promotions have recently been proposed as policy instruments to reduce consumption of unhealthy foods. The objective of this study is to add to the limited evidence on the comparative effectiveness of price changes, price promotions and volume promotions in changing household purchasing of unhealthy foods, using biscuits, crisps and savoury snacks as examples.

Design: Longitudinal regression analysis of consumer microdata.

Setting: Secondary data on itemised household purchases of biscuits, crisps and savoury snacks from 2006 to 2012.

Participants: Sample of 3024 households in Scotland.

Main outcome measures: Changes in the number of calories (kcal) purchased in the product category by a household caused by changes in the price for the product category, any temporary in-store price promotions and any temporary in-store volume promotions. Changes are measured at the mean, median, 25th percentile and 75th percentile of the household purchasing distribution for the full sample. Subgroup analyses were conducted by household income band and for households with and without children.

Results: Between product categories, the scale of purchasing response to incentives varies significantly. Within product categories, the mean calories (kcal) purchased by a household are more responsive to any volume promotion than to price or any price promotion for all product categories. As the volume of items purchased increases, households are less responsive to price, less responsive to any volume promotion and more responsive to any price promotion. Statistically significant differences are observed between household income groups in their response to price and promotion incentives within the biscuits category only. In cases where statistically significant differences are observed, households with children are more responsive to promotion and price incentives than households without children.

Conclusions: For all product categories analysed (biscuits, crisps and savoury snacks), household purchasing is most responsive to any volume promotion. Therefore, assuming the response of consumers to incentives remains constant following legislation, the most effective policy instrument to reduce the calorie intake from these products may be a ban on volume promotions.

价格和促销激励对不健康食品购买影响的纵向研究:限制食品促销的证据。
目标:最近提议将税收和限制促销作为减少不健康食品消费的政策工具。本研究的目的是补充有限的证据,价格变化,价格促销和数量促销在改变家庭购买不健康食品方面的相对有效性,以饼干,薯片和咸味零食为例。设计:对消费者微观数据进行纵向回归分析。背景:2006年至2012年家庭购买饼干、薯片和咸味零食的分项数据。参与者:苏格兰3024个家庭的样本。主要结果测量:由于产品类别的价格变化、任何临时店内价格促销和任何临时店内数量促销引起的家庭在产品类别中购买的卡路里数量(kcal)的变化。变化是在整个样本的家庭购买分布的平均值、中位数、第25百分位和第75百分位进行测量的。按家庭收入等级、有孩子和没有孩子的家庭进行亚组分析。结果:在不同的产品类别之间,消费者对激励的购买反应规模存在显著差异。在产品类别中,家庭购买的平均卡路里(kcal)对任何数量促销的反应比对所有产品类别的价格或任何价格促销的反应更敏感。随着购买物品数量的增加,家庭对价格的反应变弱,对数量促销的反应变弱,对价格促销的反应变强。仅在饼干类别中,不同家庭收入群体对价格和促销激励的反应在统计上存在显著差异。在观察到统计上显著差异的情况下,有孩子的家庭比没有孩子的家庭对促销和价格激励的反应更积极。结论:对于所分析的所有产品类别(饼干、薯片和咸味零食),家庭购买对任何批量促销的反应最积极。因此,假设消费者对激励措施的反应在立法后保持不变,那么减少这些产品卡路里摄入量的最有效政策工具可能是禁止批量促销。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health
BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health Nursing-Nutrition and Dietetics
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
34
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