Neuroinflammation: Molecular Mechanisms And Therapeutic Perspectives.

Q3 Psychology
Marianna Marino, Elena Mele, Grazia Maria Giovanna Pastorino, Rosaria Meccariello, Francesca Felicia Operto, Antonietta Santoro, Andrea Viggiano
{"title":"Neuroinflammation: Molecular Mechanisms And Therapeutic Perspectives.","authors":"Marianna Marino,&nbsp;Elena Mele,&nbsp;Grazia Maria Giovanna Pastorino,&nbsp;Rosaria Meccariello,&nbsp;Francesca Felicia Operto,&nbsp;Antonietta Santoro,&nbsp;Andrea Viggiano","doi":"10.2174/1871524922666220929153215","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuroinflammation is a key component in the etiopathogenesis of neurological diseases and brain aging. This process involves the brain immune system that modulates synaptic functions and protects neurons from infection or damage. Hence, the knowledge of neuroinflammation related pathways and modulation by drugs or natural compounds is functional to developing therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving, maintaining and restoring brain health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review article summarizes the basics of neuroinflammation and related signaling pathways, the success of the dietary intervention in clinical practice and the possible development of RNA-based strategies for treating neurological diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pubmed search from 2012 to 2022 with the keywords neuroinflammation and molecular mechanisms in combination with diet, miRNA and non-coding RNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glial cells-play a crucial role in neuroinflammation, but several pathways can be activated in response to different inflammatory stimuli, inducing cell death by apoptosis, pyroptosis or necroptosis. The dietary intervention has immunomodulatory effects and could limit the inflammatory process induced by microglia and astrocytes. Thus by inhibiting neuroinflammation and improving the symptoms of a variety of neurological diseases, diet exerts pleiotropic neuroprotective effects independently from the spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the specific disorder. Furthermore, data from animal models revealed that altered expression of specific noncoding RNAs, in particular microRNAs, contributes to neuroinflammatory diseases; consequently, RNA-based strategies may be promising to alleviate the consequences of neuroinflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further studies are needed to identify the molecular pathways and the new pharmacological targets in neuroinflammation to lay the basis for more effective and selective therapies to be applied, in parallel to dietary intervention, in the treatment of neuroinflammation-based diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9799,"journal":{"name":"Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry","volume":"22 3","pages":"160-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871524922666220929153215","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Psychology","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4

Abstract

Background: Neuroinflammation is a key component in the etiopathogenesis of neurological diseases and brain aging. This process involves the brain immune system that modulates synaptic functions and protects neurons from infection or damage. Hence, the knowledge of neuroinflammation related pathways and modulation by drugs or natural compounds is functional to developing therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving, maintaining and restoring brain health.

Objective: This review article summarizes the basics of neuroinflammation and related signaling pathways, the success of the dietary intervention in clinical practice and the possible development of RNA-based strategies for treating neurological diseases.

Methods: Pubmed search from 2012 to 2022 with the keywords neuroinflammation and molecular mechanisms in combination with diet, miRNA and non-coding RNA.

Results: Glial cells-play a crucial role in neuroinflammation, but several pathways can be activated in response to different inflammatory stimuli, inducing cell death by apoptosis, pyroptosis or necroptosis. The dietary intervention has immunomodulatory effects and could limit the inflammatory process induced by microglia and astrocytes. Thus by inhibiting neuroinflammation and improving the symptoms of a variety of neurological diseases, diet exerts pleiotropic neuroprotective effects independently from the spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the specific disorder. Furthermore, data from animal models revealed that altered expression of specific noncoding RNAs, in particular microRNAs, contributes to neuroinflammatory diseases; consequently, RNA-based strategies may be promising to alleviate the consequences of neuroinflammation.

Conclusion: Further studies are needed to identify the molecular pathways and the new pharmacological targets in neuroinflammation to lay the basis for more effective and selective therapies to be applied, in parallel to dietary intervention, in the treatment of neuroinflammation-based diseases.

神经炎症:分子机制和治疗观点。
背景:神经炎症是神经系统疾病和脑老化发病的重要组成部分。这个过程涉及到调节突触功能和保护神经元免受感染或损伤的大脑免疫系统。因此,了解神经炎症相关途径和药物或天然化合物的调节作用,有助于制定旨在保护、维持和恢复大脑健康的治疗策略。目的:本文综述了神经炎症及其相关信号通路的基础知识,饮食干预在临床实践中的成功,以及基于rna治疗神经系统疾病策略的可能发展。方法:检索2012 - 2022年Pubmed,关键词:神经炎症及分子机制,结合饮食,miRNA和非编码RNA。结果:神经胶质细胞在神经炎症中起着至关重要的作用,但不同的炎症刺激可激活几种途径,诱导细胞凋亡、焦亡或坏死死亡。饮食干预具有免疫调节作用,可限制小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞诱导的炎症过程。因此,通过抑制神经炎症和改善各种神经系统疾病的症状,饮食发挥了多种神经保护作用,独立于特定疾病的病理生理机制。此外,来自动物模型的数据显示,特定非编码rna的表达改变,特别是微小rna,有助于神经炎症性疾病;因此,基于rna的策略可能有望减轻神经炎症的后果。结论:需要进一步研究确定神经炎症的分子通路和新的药理靶点,为在饮食干预的同时更有效、更有选择性地应用于神经炎症性疾病的治疗奠定基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry
Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry Psychology-Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry aims to cover all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design for the discovery of new central nervous system agents. Containing a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of current topics, Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments in the field.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信