Prevalencia de glucosa alterada en ayuno y dislipidemia entre pacientes mexicanos con VIH naïve a tratamiento antirretroviral.

Abstract

Background: Metabolic complications have become more relevant in the care of patients with HIV. However, little is known about the incidence and risk factors for these disorders among HIV-infected antiretroviral treatment naïve (ARTn) patients.

Objective: To recognize the prevalence of Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) and dyslipidemia among HIV-infected ARTn Mexican individuals and identify associated risk factors.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted in HIV-1-infected ART-N patients, referred for attention to a general hospital in Mexico City, between 2009 and 2019. We collected information for anthropometric, clinical, biochemical and HIV status variables.

Results: We included 221 patients, 97% were males, mean age 30 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 25-38); median CD4 count was 250 cells/mm³ (IQR: 120.25-391) and median log10 HIV viral load was 4.69 HIV-1 RNA copies/ml (IQR: 3.64-5.25). Prevalence of IFG was 22.6% and was associated with overweight-obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 2.75; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.36-5.55; p-value < 0.05). Hypoalphalipoproteinemia was the most frequent dyslipidemia: 69.46%. An association between count CD4 < 250 and lower HDL cholesterol levels was found (OR: 3.23; 95CI%: 1.61-6.5; p-value < 0.05).

Conclusions: IFG and dyslipidemia are highly prevalent among HIV-infected ART-naïve Mexican patients, therefore, screening for glucose and lipids abnormalities always should be considered among ARTn patients.