Use of omics analysis for low-dose radiotoxicology and health risk assessment: the case of uranium.

IF 4.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Stéphane Grison, Maâmar Souidi
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Abstract

Exposure to environmental pollution and the increase in the incidence of multifactorial diseases in the population have become health problems for industrialized countries. In this context, the question of the health impact of exposure to these pollutants is not clearly identified in the low-dose range. This article looks at this problem using the example of preclinical studies of the effects of chronic low-dose exposure to uranium in rats. These studies demonstrate the value of molecular screening analyses (omics) and multimodal integrative approaches, of which the extreme sensitivity and breadth of observation spectrum make it possible to observe all the biological processes affected and the mechanisms of action triggered at the molecular level by exposure to low doses. They also show the value of these analytical approaches for finding diagnostic biomarkers or indicators of prognosis, which can be necessary to evaluate a risk. Finally, the results of these studies raise the question of the health risk caused by epigenomic deregulations occurring during critical developmental phases and their potential contribution to the development of chronic diseases that are metabolic in origin or to the development of certain cancer liable in the long term to affect the exposed adult and possibly its progeny.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

使用组学分析进行低剂量放射毒理学和健康风险评估:以铀为例。
暴露于环境污染和人口中多因素疾病发病率的增加已成为工业化国家的健康问题。在这方面,接触这些污染物对健康的影响问题在低剂量范围内没有明确确定。本文以大鼠慢性低剂量暴露于铀的影响的临床前研究为例来研究这个问题。这些研究证明了分子筛选分析(组学)和多模式综合方法的价值,这些方法的极端灵敏度和观察光谱的广度使其有可能观察到受低剂量暴露影响的所有生物过程和在分子水平上触发的作用机制。他们还显示了这些分析方法在寻找诊断性生物标志物或预后指标方面的价值,这可能是评估风险所必需的。最后,这些研究的结果提出了一个问题,即在关键发育阶段发生的表观基因组失调所造成的健康风险,以及它们对源于代谢的慢性疾病的发展或对某些癌症的发展的潜在贡献,这些癌症在长期内可能影响暴露的成年人及其后代。
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来源期刊
Environmental Epigenetics
Environmental Epigenetics GENETICS & HEREDITY-
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
5.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
17 weeks
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