Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: The Past and the Future.

Q3 Medicine
Samer A Srour, Serkan Akin
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is the new standard treatment for various indications in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. Despite the several preclinical and early phase clinical trials, the overall clinical experience has been disappointing when applying this innovative therapy in solid tumors. The failure of CAR T-cell therapy and its limited antitumor activity in solid tumors have been attributed to several mechanisms, including tumor antigen heterogeneity, the hostile tumor microenvironment and poor trafficking of CAR T cells into tumor sites, and the unacceptable toxicities in some settings, among others. However, remarkable improvements have been made in understanding many of these failure mechanisms for which several emerging novel approaches are being applied to overcome these challenges. In this review, after a brief historic background for immunotherapy in solid tumors, we highlight the recent developments achieved in CAR T-cell designs, summarize completed clinical trials, and discuss current challenges facing CAR T-cell therapy and the suggested strategies to overcome these barriers.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

嵌合抗原受体t细胞治疗实体瘤:过去和未来。
嵌合抗原受体(CAR) t细胞治疗是晚期血液恶性肿瘤患者各种适应症的新标准治疗方法。尽管进行了一些临床前和早期临床试验,但在实体瘤中应用这种创新疗法时,总体临床经验令人失望。CAR - T细胞治疗在实体瘤中的失败及其有限的抗肿瘤活性可归因于几种机制,包括肿瘤抗原异质性,肿瘤微环境的敌意和CAR - T细胞进入肿瘤部位的不良运输,以及在某些情况下不可接受的毒性等。然而,在理解这些失效机制方面已经取得了显著的进步,一些新兴的新方法正在应用于克服这些挑战。在这篇综述中,在简要介绍了实体肿瘤免疫治疗的历史背景之后,我们重点介绍了CAR - t细胞设计的最新进展,总结了已完成的临床试验,并讨论了CAR - t细胞治疗当前面临的挑战以及克服这些障碍的建议策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
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