A review of the critical role of vitamin D axis on the immune system

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 PATHOLOGY
Gholamreza Daryabor , Nasser Gholijani , Fatemeh Rezaei Kahmini
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

In recent years, the physiological and molecular functions of vitamin D (Vit-D) have been deeply investigated. At first, Vit-D was considered a regulator of mineral and skeletal homeostasis. However, due to the extensive-expression pattern of Vit-D receptor (VDR) in almost every non-skeletal cell, Vit-D is considered mainly a multifunctional agent with broad effects on various tissues, notably the immune system. The expression of VDR in immune cells such as dendritic cells, monocyte/macrophage, neutrophils, B cells and T cells has been well demonstrated. Besides, such immune cells are capable of metabolizing the active form of Vit-D which means that it can module the immune system in both paracrine and autocrine manners. Vit-D binding protein (DBP), that regulates the levels and homeostasis of Vit-D, is another key molecule capable of modulating the immune system. Recent studies indicate that dysregulation of Vit-D axis, variations in the DBP and VDR genes, and Vit-D levels might be risk factors for the development of autoimmune disease. Here, the current evidence regarding the role of Vit-D axis on the immune system, as well as its role in the development of autoimmune disease will be clarified. Further insight will be given to those studies that investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of DBP and VDR genes with autoimmune disease susceptibility.

维生素D轴在免疫系统中的重要作用综述
近年来,人们对维生素D(Vit-D)的生理和分子功能进行了深入的研究。起初,维生素D被认为是矿物质和骨骼稳态的调节因子。然而,由于维生素D受体(VDR)在几乎所有非骨骼细胞中的广泛表达模式,维生素D主要被认为是一种对各种组织,特别是免疫系统具有广泛作用的多功能制剂。VDR在免疫细胞如树突状细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、B细胞和T细胞中的表达已得到充分证明。此外,这种免疫细胞能够代谢活性形式的维生素D,这意味着它可以以旁分泌和自分泌的方式调节免疫系统。调节维生素D水平和稳态的维生素D结合蛋白(DBP)是另一种能够调节免疫系统的关键分子。最近的研究表明,维生素D轴的失调、DBP和VDR基因的变异以及维生素D水平可能是自身免疫性疾病发展的危险因素。在这里,目前关于维生素D轴在免疫系统中的作用及其在自身免疫性疾病发展中的作用的证据将得到澄清。研究DBP和VDR基因单核苷酸多态性与自身免疫性疾病易感性之间关系的研究将提供进一步的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
78
审稿时长
11.5 weeks
期刊介绍: Under new editorial leadership, Experimental and Molecular Pathology presents original articles on disease processes in relation to structural and biochemical alterations in mammalian tissues and fluids and on the application of newer techniques of molecular biology to problems of pathology in humans and other animals. The journal also publishes selected interpretive synthesis reviews by bench level investigators working at the "cutting edge" of contemporary research in pathology. In addition, special thematic issues present original research reports that unravel some of Nature''s most jealously guarded secrets on the pathologic basis of disease. Research Areas include: Stem cells; Neoangiogenesis; Molecular diagnostics; Polymerase chain reaction; In situ hybridization; DNA sequencing; Cell receptors; Carcinogenesis; Pathobiology of neoplasia; Complex infectious diseases; Transplantation; Cytokines; Flow cytomeric analysis; Inflammation; Cellular injury; Immunology and hypersensitivity; Athersclerosis.
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