The impact of Covid-19 on people under opioid substitution treatment.

Abstract

Given the aggravation on the general population's quality of life due to covid-19 and the vulnerability of People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) to acute stress, the aim of the current study was to better comprehend the impact of covid-19 on quality of life and mental health of PWUD as well as their drug use patterns. Another study had been conducted prior to the covid-19 outbreak, which assessed quality of life, indicative PTSD symptoms, and drug use patterns of people who were attending an Opioid Substitution Treatment (OST), in Athens, Greece. As a continuation of the aforementioned study, the same variables were assessed in May and June 2020, after the first lockdown measures. 104 patients agreed to participate. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL) and the Post-Traumatic Stress Scale (PCL-C) were used as well as toxicology tests. The only statistically significant outcome was a reduction regarding the dimension referring to the relationship between the individual and their environment. People with low quality of life were found to experience more severe Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms after lockdown comparing to those with high quality of life. There was also a statistically non-significant increase in PTSD scores before and after lockdown measures. Regarding drug use patterns, the present research reveals an overall decline in drug use during quarantine. There was a statistically significant decrease in opioid (22.3%) and in benzodiazepine (35%) use after lockdown. Also, a statistically significant increase in mean scores of indicative PTSD symptoms of people who decreased opioid use during and after lockdown measures was found. In regards to amphetamine use, research findings underline a non-significant increase in use (8.7%). The pandemic's impact on the life of people on opioid substitution treatment should be taken into consideration and further studies need to be conducted in order to protect this populations' quality of life and maximize the potential benefits such as reduced access to illicit substances.