{"title":"Epstein-Barr Viral Infection and the Risk for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Arjola Agolli, Angela Ishak, Mahima Viswanathan, Edzel Lorraine Co, Jeevan Shivakumar, Olsi Agolli","doi":"10.18502/ijhoscr.v17i2.12650","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: The prevalence of breast cancer has increased and has currently become one of the most common cancers. Although the majority of the world's population is infected with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) during their lives, the severity of symptoms varies and not everyone infected with EBV is diagnosed with cancer. EBV might increase the risk for breast cancer either by activating the HER2/HER3 signaling cascades or by creating a state of prolonged immune stimulation. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: A systematic search of several electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, JSTOR, and Scopus, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted. The primary outcome of this review was to assess the prevalence of people with breast cancer that had a prior EBV infection. <b>Results</b>: For this review, 24 case-control studies were accepted. Our analyses included 1.989 breast cancer cases versus 1.034 control cases. EBV was found to be present in 27.9% of breast cancer cases versus 8.02% found in the normal breast tissue of controls. All affected people were women with a mean age was 48.19 years. The most common type of breast cancer found in EBV-infected tissues was invasive breast cancer. Cases were reported sporadically in a wide geographical distribution, and the prevalence varied from 4.6% - 64.1%. <b>Conclusions</b>: A previous EBV infection might be associated with a higher risk for breast malignancy. The most common type is invasive cancer. It mainly affects women and geographical variances are observed. More studies are necessary to elucidate the role of EBV in the mechanisms of breast cancer. Also, it is crucial to improve the prevention and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":38991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","volume":"17 2","pages":"114-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/f8/IJHOSCR-17-114.PMC10452945.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v17i2.12650","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Medicine","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of breast cancer has increased and has currently become one of the most common cancers. Although the majority of the world's population is infected with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) during their lives, the severity of symptoms varies and not everyone infected with EBV is diagnosed with cancer. EBV might increase the risk for breast cancer either by activating the HER2/HER3 signaling cascades or by creating a state of prolonged immune stimulation. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of several electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, JSTOR, and Scopus, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted. The primary outcome of this review was to assess the prevalence of people with breast cancer that had a prior EBV infection. Results: For this review, 24 case-control studies were accepted. Our analyses included 1.989 breast cancer cases versus 1.034 control cases. EBV was found to be present in 27.9% of breast cancer cases versus 8.02% found in the normal breast tissue of controls. All affected people were women with a mean age was 48.19 years. The most common type of breast cancer found in EBV-infected tissues was invasive breast cancer. Cases were reported sporadically in a wide geographical distribution, and the prevalence varied from 4.6% - 64.1%. Conclusions: A previous EBV infection might be associated with a higher risk for breast malignancy. The most common type is invasive cancer. It mainly affects women and geographical variances are observed. More studies are necessary to elucidate the role of EBV in the mechanisms of breast cancer. Also, it is crucial to improve the prevention and treatment strategies.
背景:乳腺癌的患病率不断上升,目前已成为最常见的癌症之一。虽然世界上大多数人在一生中都会感染eb病毒(EBV),但症状的严重程度各不相同,并不是每个感染EBV的人都被诊断为癌症。EBV可能通过激活HER2/HER3信号级联反应或产生长期免疫刺激状态来增加乳腺癌的风险。材料和方法:系统检索PubMed、ScienceDirect、Cochrane、EBSCOhost、JSTOR和Scopus等电子数据库,遵循PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for systematic Reviews and meta - analysis)指南。本综述的主要结局是评估既往有EBV感染的乳腺癌患者的患病率。结果:本综述共纳入24项病例对照研究。我们的分析包括1.989例乳腺癌病例和1.034例对照病例。在27.9%的乳腺癌病例中发现EBV,而在对照组的正常乳腺组织中发现8.02%。所有患者均为女性,平均年龄为48.19岁。在ebv感染的组织中发现的最常见的乳腺癌类型是浸润性乳腺癌。病例零星报告,地理分布广泛,患病率从4.6% - 64.1%不等。结论:既往EBV感染可能与乳腺恶性肿瘤的高风险相关。最常见的类型是浸润性癌症。它主要影响妇女,并观察到地域差异。需要更多的研究来阐明EBV在乳腺癌发病机制中的作用。此外,改善预防和治疗策略也至关重要。