Identification of genetic risk loci and causal insights associated with Parkinson's disease in African and African admixed populations: a genome-wide association study.
Mie Rizig, Sara Bandres-Ciga, Mary B Makarious, Oluwadamilola Omolara Ojo, Peter Wild Crea, Oladunni Victoria Abiodun, Kristin S Levine, Sani Atta Abubakar, Charles Obiora Achoru, Dan Vitale, Olaleye Akinmola Adeniji, Osigwe Paul Agabi, Mathew J Koretsky, Uchechi Agulanna, Deborah A Hall, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Tao Xie, Mohammed Wulgo Ali, Ejaz A Shamim, Ifeyinwa Ani-Osheku, Mahesh Padmanaban, Ohwotemu Michael Arigbodi, David G Standaert, Abiodun Hamzat Bello, Marissa N Dean, Cyril Oshomah Erameh, Inas Elsayed, Temitope Hannah Farombi, Olaitan Okunoye, Michael Bimbola Fawale, Kimberley J Billingsley, Frank Aiwansoba Imarhiagbe, Pilar Alvarez Jerez, Emmanuel Uzodinma Iwuozo, Breeana Baker, Morenikeji Adeyoyin Komolafe, Laksh Malik, Paul Osemeke Nwani, Kensuke Daida, Ernest Okwundu Nwazor, Abigail Miano-Burkhardt, Yakub Wilberforce Nyandaiti, Zih-Hua Fang, Yahaya Olugbo Obiabo, Jillian H Kluss, Olanike Adedoyin Odeniyi, Dena G Hernandez, Francis Ehidiamen Odiase, Nahid Tayebi, Francis Ibe Ojini, Ellen Sidranksy, Gerald Awele Onwuegbuzie, Andrea M D'Souza, Godwin Osawaru Osaigbovo, Bahafta Berhe, Nosakhare Osemwegie, Xylena Reed, Olajumoke Olufemi Oshinaike, Hampton L Leonard, Folajimi Morenikeji Otubogun, Chelsea X Alvarado, Shyngle Imiewan Oyakhire, Simon Izuchukwu Ozomma, Sarah Chabiri Samuel, Funmilola Tolulope Taiwo, Kolawole Wasiu Wahab, Yusuf Agboola Zubair, Hirotaka Iwaki, Jonggeol Jeffrey Kim, Huw R Morris, John Hardy, Mike A Nalls, Karl Heilbron, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Henry Houlden, Andrew Singleton, Njideka Ulunma Okubadejo
{"title":"Identification of genetic risk loci and causal insights associated with Parkinson's disease in African and African admixed populations: a genome-wide association study.","authors":"Mie Rizig, Sara Bandres-Ciga, Mary B Makarious, Oluwadamilola Omolara Ojo, Peter Wild Crea, Oladunni Victoria Abiodun, Kristin S Levine, Sani Atta Abubakar, Charles Obiora Achoru, Dan Vitale, Olaleye Akinmola Adeniji, Osigwe Paul Agabi, Mathew J Koretsky, Uchechi Agulanna, Deborah A Hall, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Tao Xie, Mohammed Wulgo Ali, Ejaz A Shamim, Ifeyinwa Ani-Osheku, Mahesh Padmanaban, Ohwotemu Michael Arigbodi, David G Standaert, Abiodun Hamzat Bello, Marissa N Dean, Cyril Oshomah Erameh, Inas Elsayed, Temitope Hannah Farombi, Olaitan Okunoye, Michael Bimbola Fawale, Kimberley J Billingsley, Frank Aiwansoba Imarhiagbe, Pilar Alvarez Jerez, Emmanuel Uzodinma Iwuozo, Breeana Baker, Morenikeji Adeyoyin Komolafe, Laksh Malik, Paul Osemeke Nwani, Kensuke Daida, Ernest Okwundu Nwazor, Abigail Miano-Burkhardt, Yakub Wilberforce Nyandaiti, Zih-Hua Fang, Yahaya Olugbo Obiabo, Jillian H Kluss, Olanike Adedoyin Odeniyi, Dena G Hernandez, Francis Ehidiamen Odiase, Nahid Tayebi, Francis Ibe Ojini, Ellen Sidranksy, Gerald Awele Onwuegbuzie, Andrea M D'Souza, Godwin Osawaru Osaigbovo, Bahafta Berhe, Nosakhare Osemwegie, Xylena Reed, Olajumoke Olufemi Oshinaike, Hampton L Leonard, Folajimi Morenikeji Otubogun, Chelsea X Alvarado, Shyngle Imiewan Oyakhire, Simon Izuchukwu Ozomma, Sarah Chabiri Samuel, Funmilola Tolulope Taiwo, Kolawole Wasiu Wahab, Yusuf Agboola Zubair, Hirotaka Iwaki, Jonggeol Jeffrey Kim, Huw R Morris, John Hardy, Mike A Nalls, Karl Heilbron, Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Henry Houlden, Andrew Singleton, Njideka Ulunma Okubadejo","doi":"10.1016/S1474-4422(23)00283-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying diseases in ancestrally diverse populations is an important step towards development of targeted treatments. Research in African and African admixed populations can enable mapping of complex traits, because of their genetic diversity, extensive population substructure, and distinct linkage disequilibrium patterns. We aimed to do a comprehensive genome-wide assessment in African and African admixed individuals to better understand the genetic architecture of Parkinson's disease in these underserved populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in people of African and African admixed ancestry with and without Parkinson's disease. Individuals were included from several cohorts that were available as a part of the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program, the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium Africa, and 23andMe. A diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was confirmed clinically by a movement disorder specialist for every individual in each cohort, except for 23andMe, in which it was self-reported based on clinical diagnosis. We characterised ancestry-specific risk, differential haplotype structure and admixture, coding and structural genetic variation, and enzymatic activity.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>We included 197 918 individuals (1488 cases and 196 430 controls) in our genome-wide analysis. We identified a novel common risk factor for Parkinson's disease (overall meta-analysis odds ratio for risk of Parkinson's disease 1·58 [95% CI 1·37-1·80], p=2·397 × 10<sup>-14</sup>) and age at onset at the GBA1 locus, rs3115534-G (age at onset β=-2·00 [SE=0·57], p=0·0005, for African ancestry; and β=-4·15 [0·58], p=0·015, for African admixed ancestry), which was rare in non-African or non-African admixed populations. Downstream short-read and long-read whole-genome sequencing analyses did not reveal any coding or structural variant underlying the GWAS signal. The identified signal seems to be associated with decreased glucocerebrosidase activity.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Our study identified a novel genetic risk factor in GBA1 in people of African ancestry, which has not been seen in European populations, and it could be a major mechanistic basis of Parkinson's disease in African populations. This population-specific variant exerts substantial risk on Parkinson's disease as compared with common variation identified through GWAS and it was found to be present in 39% of the cases assessed in this study. This finding highlights the importance of understanding ancestry-specific genetic risk in complex diseases, a particularly crucial point as the Parkinson's disease field moves towards targeted treatments in clinical trials. The distinctive genetics of African populations highlights the need for equitable inclusion of ancestrally diverse groups in future trials, which will be a valuable step towards gaining insights into novel genetic determinants underlying the causes of Parkinson's disease. This finding opens new avenues towards RNA-based and other therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing lifetime risk of Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>The Global Parkinson's Genetics Program, which is funded by the Aligning Science Across Parkinson's initiative, and The Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research.</p>","PeriodicalId":17989,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"1015-1025"},"PeriodicalIF":46.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10593199/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Lancet Neurology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(23)00283-1","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/8/23 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: An understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying diseases in ancestrally diverse populations is an important step towards development of targeted treatments. Research in African and African admixed populations can enable mapping of complex traits, because of their genetic diversity, extensive population substructure, and distinct linkage disequilibrium patterns. We aimed to do a comprehensive genome-wide assessment in African and African admixed individuals to better understand the genetic architecture of Parkinson's disease in these underserved populations.
Methods: We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in people of African and African admixed ancestry with and without Parkinson's disease. Individuals were included from several cohorts that were available as a part of the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program, the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium Africa, and 23andMe. A diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was confirmed clinically by a movement disorder specialist for every individual in each cohort, except for 23andMe, in which it was self-reported based on clinical diagnosis. We characterised ancestry-specific risk, differential haplotype structure and admixture, coding and structural genetic variation, and enzymatic activity.
Findings: We included 197 918 individuals (1488 cases and 196 430 controls) in our genome-wide analysis. We identified a novel common risk factor for Parkinson's disease (overall meta-analysis odds ratio for risk of Parkinson's disease 1·58 [95% CI 1·37-1·80], p=2·397 × 10-14) and age at onset at the GBA1 locus, rs3115534-G (age at onset β=-2·00 [SE=0·57], p=0·0005, for African ancestry; and β=-4·15 [0·58], p=0·015, for African admixed ancestry), which was rare in non-African or non-African admixed populations. Downstream short-read and long-read whole-genome sequencing analyses did not reveal any coding or structural variant underlying the GWAS signal. The identified signal seems to be associated with decreased glucocerebrosidase activity.
Interpretation: Our study identified a novel genetic risk factor in GBA1 in people of African ancestry, which has not been seen in European populations, and it could be a major mechanistic basis of Parkinson's disease in African populations. This population-specific variant exerts substantial risk on Parkinson's disease as compared with common variation identified through GWAS and it was found to be present in 39% of the cases assessed in this study. This finding highlights the importance of understanding ancestry-specific genetic risk in complex diseases, a particularly crucial point as the Parkinson's disease field moves towards targeted treatments in clinical trials. The distinctive genetics of African populations highlights the need for equitable inclusion of ancestrally diverse groups in future trials, which will be a valuable step towards gaining insights into novel genetic determinants underlying the causes of Parkinson's disease. This finding opens new avenues towards RNA-based and other therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing lifetime risk of Parkinson's disease.
Funding: The Global Parkinson's Genetics Program, which is funded by the Aligning Science Across Parkinson's initiative, and The Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research.
期刊介绍：
The Lancet Neurology is the world-leading clinical neurology journal. It publishes original research that advocates for change in, or sheds light on, neurological clinical practice. The topics covered include cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, epilepsy, migraine, neurological infections, movement disorders, multiple sclerosis, neuromuscular disorders, peripheral nerve disorders, pediatric neurology, sleep disorders, and traumatic brain injury.
The journal publishes a range of article types, including Articles (including randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses), Review, Rapid Review, Comment, Correspondence, and Personal View. It also publishes Series and Commissions that aim to shape and drive positive change in clinical practice and health policy in areas of need in neurology.
The Lancet Neurology is an internationally trusted source of clinical, public health, and global health knowledge. It has an Impact Factor of 48.0, making it the top-ranked clinical neurology journal out of 212 journals worldwide.
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