Viral burden is associated with age, vaccination, and viral variant in a population-representative study of SARS-CoV-2 that accounts for time-since-infection-related sampling bias.

IF 6.7 1区 医学 Q1 Immunology and Microbiology
PLoS Pathogens Pub Date : 2023-08-14 eCollection Date: 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011461
Helen R Fryer, Tanya Golubchik, Matthew Hall, Christophe Fraser, Robert Hinch, Luca Ferretti, Laura Thomson, Anel Nurtay, Lorenzo Pellis, Thomas House, George MacIntyre-Cockett, Amy Trebes, David Buck, Paolo Piazza, Angie Green, Lorne J Lonie, Darren Smith, Matthew Bashton, Matthew Crown, Andrew Nelson, Clare M McCann, Mohammed Adnan Tariq, Claire J Elstob, Rui Nunes Dos Santos, Zack Richards, Xin Xhang, Joseph Hawley, Mark R Lee, Priscilla Carrillo-Barragan, Isobel Chapman, Sarah Harthern-Flint, David Bonsall, Katrina A Lythgoe
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the impact of viral variant, in addition to other variables, on within-host viral burden, by analysing cycle threshold (Ct) values derived from nose and throat swabs, collected as part of the UK COVID-19 Infection Survey. Because viral burden distributions determined from community survey data can be biased due to the impact of variant epidemiology on the time-since-infection of samples, we developed a method to explicitly adjust observed Ct value distributions to account for the expected bias. By analysing the adjusted Ct values using partial least squares regression, we found that among unvaccinated individuals with no known prior exposure, viral burden was 44% lower among Alpha variant infections, compared to those with the predecessor strain, B.1.177. Vaccination reduced viral burden by 67%, and among vaccinated individuals, viral burden was 286% higher among Delta variant, compared to Alpha variant, infections. In addition, viral burden increased by 17% for every 10-year age increment of the infected individual. In summary, within-host viral burden increases with age, is reduced by vaccination, and is influenced by the interplay of vaccination status and viral variant.

在一项具有人群代表性的严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型研究中,病毒负荷与年龄、疫苗接种和病毒变体有关,该研究解释了自感染相关采样偏差以来的时间。
在这项研究中,我们通过分析鼻拭子和咽拭子的循环阈值(Ct)值来评估病毒变体以及其他变量对宿主病毒负担的影响,这些值是作为英国新冠肺炎感染调查的一部分收集的。由于变异流行病学对样本感染后时间的影响,从社区调查数据中确定的病毒负荷分布可能存在偏差,我们开发了一种方法来明确调整观察到的Ct值分布,以考虑预期的偏差。通过使用偏最小二乘回归分析调整后的Ct值,我们发现,在之前没有已知接触的未接种疫苗的个体中,与前身毒株B.1.177相比,阿尔法变种感染的病毒负担降低了44%。疫苗接种使病毒负担减少了67%,在接种疫苗的个体中,德尔塔变异株感染的病毒负担比阿尔法变异株感染高286%。此外,感染者每增加10年的年龄,病毒负担就会增加17%。总之,宿主内病毒负荷随着年龄的增长而增加,通过接种疫苗而减少,并受到疫苗接种状态和病毒变体相互作用的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
PLoS Pathogens
PLoS Pathogens 生物-病毒学
CiteScore
11.40
自引率
3.00%
发文量
598
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Bacteria, fungi, parasites, prions and viruses cause a plethora of diseases that have important medical, agricultural, and economic consequences. Moreover, the study of microbes continues to provide novel insights into such fundamental processes as the molecular basis of cellular and organismal function.
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