{"title":"Oral complications associated with metal ion release from oral piercings: a systematic review.","authors":"M Masood, L J Walsh, S Zafar","doi":"10.1007/s40368-023-00831-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This systematic review explored dental complications associated with metal ion release from oral piercings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Item retrieval from October 2022 to December 2022 from databases, such as Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using predefined search terms was undertaken by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. From 1509 identified studies, 25 were included for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 25 studies, 20 included both clinical examination and questionnaire-based data. The remaining five studies were deemed low quality based on the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. The average time piercings were worn ranged between 5 and 48 months. Most studies did not investigate complications from metal ion release. Only two studies examined the direct effects of metal ion release and showed that metal ions may cause hypersensitivity reactions and mucosal changes. Other soft tissue complications were reported, with gingival recession noted in 16 out of 25 studies, especially due to lip piercings. Studies reporting other complications were as follows: swelling (9), pain (8), infection (6), bleeding (6), inflammation (5), alterations to speech, eating and/or swallowing (5), changes to taste or metallic taste (5), and mucosal changes (4). Ten studies reported tooth chipping from tongue piercings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral piercings leach metal ions into surrounding tissues which may cause local mucosal changes. Furthermore, oral piercings cause damage to both soft and hard oral tissues, particularly gingival recession for lip piercings and tooth chipping for tongue piercings. Thus, to prevent such adverse injuries, dental professionals should discourage patients against oral piercings.</p>","PeriodicalId":47603,"journal":{"name":"European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10657282/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-023-00831-0","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/8/15 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: This systematic review explored dental complications associated with metal ion release from oral piercings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.
Methods: Item retrieval from October 2022 to December 2022 from databases, such as Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using predefined search terms was undertaken by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. From 1509 identified studies, 25 were included for analysis.
Results: Of the 25 studies, 20 included both clinical examination and questionnaire-based data. The remaining five studies were deemed low quality based on the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. The average time piercings were worn ranged between 5 and 48 months. Most studies did not investigate complications from metal ion release. Only two studies examined the direct effects of metal ion release and showed that metal ions may cause hypersensitivity reactions and mucosal changes. Other soft tissue complications were reported, with gingival recession noted in 16 out of 25 studies, especially due to lip piercings. Studies reporting other complications were as follows: swelling (9), pain (8), infection (6), bleeding (6), inflammation (5), alterations to speech, eating and/or swallowing (5), changes to taste or metallic taste (5), and mucosal changes (4). Ten studies reported tooth chipping from tongue piercings.
Conclusion: Oral piercings leach metal ions into surrounding tissues which may cause local mucosal changes. Furthermore, oral piercings cause damage to both soft and hard oral tissues, particularly gingival recession for lip piercings and tooth chipping for tongue piercings. Thus, to prevent such adverse injuries, dental professionals should discourage patients against oral piercings.
目的:本系统综述使用系统综述和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目探讨了与口腔穿孔金属离子释放相关的牙齿并发症。方法:由两名独立审稿人从Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、Medline、PubMed、Embase、Scopus和Web of Science等数据库中使用预定义的检索词检索2022年10月至2022年12月的文献。提取数据并使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所(JBI)关键评估清单评估偏倚风险。从1509项确定的研究中，有25项被纳入分析。结果:在25项研究中，20项包括临床检查和基于问卷的数据。根据乔安娜布里格斯研究所的标准，剩下的五项研究被认为是低质量的。佩戴穿孔的平均时间在5到48个月之间。大多数研究没有调查金属离子释放引起的并发症。只有两项研究考察了金属离子释放的直接影响，并表明金属离子可能引起过敏反应和粘膜改变。其他软组织并发症也有报道，25项研究中有16项发现牙龈萎缩，特别是由于唇部穿孔。报告其他并发症的研究如下:肿胀(9)、疼痛(8)、感染(6)、出血(6)、炎症(5)、言语、进食和/或吞咽改变(5)、味觉或金属味改变(5)和粘膜改变(4)。10项研究报告了舌头穿孔导致的牙齿碎裂。结论:口腔穿孔可使金属离子渗入周围组织，引起局部粘膜改变。此外，口腔穿孔会对口腔软硬组织造成损伤，尤其是唇部穿孔会导致牙龈萎缩，舌部穿孔会导致牙齿碎裂。因此，为了防止此类不良伤害，牙科专业人员应劝阻患者不要进行口腔穿孔。
期刊介绍：
The aim and scope of European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) is to promote research in all aspects of dentistry for children, including interceptive orthodontics and studies on children and young adults with special needs. The EAPD focuses on the publication and critical evaluation of clinical and basic science research related to children. The EAPD will consider clinical case series reports, followed by the relevant literature review, only where there are new and important findings of interest to Paediatric Dentistry and where details of techniques or treatment carried out and the success of such approaches are given.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
