SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences (SCIS) is cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and published by Science China Press. It is committed to publishing high-quality, original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences, including computer science and technology; control science and engineering; information and communication engineering; microelectronics and solid state electronics. SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.