看向别处:养成远离扫视方向的搜索习惯

IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES
Chen Chen , Vanessa G. Lee
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引用次数: 1

摘要

越来越多的证据表明,注意力可以像习惯一样,无意识地、持续地指向过去经常包含搜索目标的位置。注意力偏好通常在眼睛凝视与关注位置对齐时产生。在这里,我们测试了这种空间对齐对于养成搜索习惯是否必要。为了将眼球运动从关注的位置转移开,我们使用了基于凝视的眼动追踪,将屏幕的可见部分限制在与当前凝视相反的区域。参与者在L干扰物的圆形阵列中寻找T目标。在他们不知情的情况下,目标更频繁地出现在一个屏幕象限中。尽管参与者专注于与可见的、有人关注的区域完全相反的位置,但他们获得了概率提示,当目标出现在高概率象限时,会产生更快的反应。他们在对角线象限也表现出了速度优势。对高概率象限的注意力偏好在测试阶段持续存在,在测试阶段,目标的位置是无偏的,但只有当参与者继续以受限的视角搜索时。这些结果表明,即使参与者被要求将目光从高概率位置移开,也可以获得搜索习惯。研究结果表明,习得的搜索习惯不仅仅是动眼神经学习的结果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Looking away to see: The acquisition of a search habit away from the saccade direction

Growing evidence has shown that attention can be habit-like, unconsciously and persistently directed toward locations that have frequently contained search targets in the past. The attentional preference typically arises when the eye gaze aligns with the attended location. Here we tested whether this spatial alignment is necessary for the acquisition of a search habit. To divert eye movements away from an attended location, we used gaze-contingent eye tracking, restricting the visible portion of the screen to an area opposite to the current gaze. Participants searched for a T target amidst a circular array of L distractors. Unbeknownst to them, the target appeared more frequently in one screen quadrant. Despite fixating on a location diametrically opposite to the visible, attended region, participants acquired probability cuing, producing quicker responses when the target appeared in the high-probability quadrant. They also showed a speed advantage in the diagonal quadrant. The attentional preference for the high-probability quadrant persisted during a testing phase in which the target’s location was unbiased, but only when participants continued to search with the restricted view. These results indicate that a search habit can be acquired even when participants are required to look away from the high-probability locations. The finding suggests that the learned search habit is not solely a result of oculomotor learning.

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来源期刊
Vision Research
Vision Research 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
16.70%
发文量
111
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: Vision Research is a journal devoted to the functional aspects of human, vertebrate and invertebrate vision and publishes experimental and observational studies, reviews, and theoretical and computational analyses. Vision Research also publishes clinical studies relevant to normal visual function and basic research relevant to visual dysfunction or its clinical investigation. Functional aspects of vision is interpreted broadly, ranging from molecular and cellular function to perception and behavior. Detailed descriptions are encouraged but enough introductory background should be included for non-specialists. Theoretical and computational papers should give a sense of order to the facts or point to new verifiable observations. Papers dealing with questions in the history of vision science should stress the development of ideas in the field.
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