单语、双语和多语参与者的双重任务减少:多语优势的证据。

IF 0.9 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Sameera M Sidat, Anastasia Giannakopoulou, Christopher J Hand, Joanne Ingram
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有证据表明,双语者的语言处理不如单语者的左偏化。我们在语言-运动双任务范式中探讨了单语言、双语言和多语言的双任务减量(DTD)。我们期望单语参与者比双语参与者显示更大的DTD,而双语参与者比多语参与者显示更大的DTD。50名右撇子参与者(18名单语者,16名双语者,16名多语者)单独或同时完成了语言流畅性和手动运动任务。单独完成两次任务(左手和右手)和两次双重任务(左手和右手);参与者的运动执行手是半球激活的代理。结果支持这些假设。完成双任务时,体力运动任务比语言流畅任务的成本更高。执行双重任务的负成本随着使用语言数量的增加而减少;事实上,掌握多种语言的人在使用右手时在两项任务中都表现出双重优势,在口头任务中表现得最明显。当用右手完成运动任务时,双任务对单语参与者的语言流畅性有最大的负面影响;对于双语和多语的参与者来说,当用左手完成运动任务时,对语言流畅性的负面影响最大。研究结果为双语和多语个体的语言功能双侧化提供了支持。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dual-task decrements in mono-, bi- and multilingual participants: Evidence for multilingual advantage.

Evidence suggests that language processing in bilinguals is less left-lateralized than in monolinguals. We explored dual-task decrement (DTD) for mono-, bi- and multilinguals in a verbal-motor dual-task paradigm. We expected monolinguals to show greater DTD than bilingual participants, who would show greater DTD than multilingual participants. Fifty right-handed participants (18 monolingual, 16 bilingual, 16 multilingual) completed verbal fluency and manual motor tasks in isolation and concurrently. Tasks were completed twice in isolation (left-handed, right-handed) and twice as dual-tasks (left-handed, right-handed); participants' motor-executing hands served proxy for hemispheric activation. Results supported the hypotheses. Completing dual-tasks incurred greater cost for manual motor tasks than for verbal fluency tasks. Negative cost of performing dual-tasks diminished as number of languages spoken increased; in fact, multilingual individuals demonstrated a dual-task advantage in both tasks when using the right hand, strongest in the verbal task. Dual-tasking had the greatest negative impact on verbal fluency of monolingual participants when the motor task was completed with the right hand; for bi- and multi-lingual participants, the greatest negative impact on verbal fluency was seen when the motor task was completed with the left hand. Results provide support for the bi-lateralization of language function in bi- and multilingual individuals.

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来源期刊
Laterality
Laterality Multiple-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
7.10%
发文量
26
期刊介绍: Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition publishes high quality research on all aspects of lateralisation in humans and non-human species. Laterality"s principal interest is in the psychological, behavioural and neurological correlates of lateralisation. The editors will also consider accessible papers from any discipline which can illuminate the general problems of the evolution of biological and neural asymmetry, papers on the cultural, linguistic, artistic and social consequences of lateral asymmetry, and papers on its historical origins and development. The interests of workers in laterality are typically broad.
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