精英和非精英赛艇运动员的心理努力。

IF 2 3区 心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM
Henrik Herrebrøden, Thomas Espeseth, Laura Bishop
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引用次数: 0

摘要

精英运动中的精神努力(注意力强度)一直是一个有争议的话题,也是一个具有挑战性的现象。因此,进行了一项准生态实验室研究,以调查精英赛艇运动员与非精英赛艇运动员的心理努力。研究结果表明,眼球追踪测量——特别是眨眼频率和瞳孔大小——可以作为对体力要求很高的运动任务的有效指标。此外,研究结果反驳了精英运动员比低水平运动员花费更少认知努力的观点。具体来说,在赛艇试验中,与样本中的非精英相比,精英表现出相似水平的自我报告的努力和表现随着智力负荷的增加而下降,并且通过瞳孔大小的增加(相对于基线)来衡量,总体上显着增加了智力努力。未来对运动中眼动追踪的研究可能包括对脑力劳动的调查,以及在体力要求高的任务中选择性注意的调查。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mental Effort in Elite and Nonelite Rowers.

Mental effort (intensity of attention) in elite sports has remained a debated topic and a challenging phenomenon to measure. Thus, a quasi-ecological laboratory study was conducted to investigate mental effort in elite rowers as compared with a group of nonelites. Findings suggest that eye-tracking measures-specifically, blink rates and pupil size-can serve as valid indicators of mental effort in physically demanding sport tasks. Furthermore, findings contradict the notion that elite athletes spend less cognitive effort than their lower-level peers. Specifically, elites displayed similar levels of self-reported effort and performance decrement with increasing mental load and significantly more mental effort overall as measured by pupil-size increase (relative to baseline) during rowing trials as compared with the nonelites in the sample. Future studies on eye tracking in sports may include investigations of mental effort in addition to selective attention during physically demanding tasks.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
39
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology (JSEP) is a peer-reviewed publication designed to stimulate and communicate research theory in all areas of sport and exercise psychology. JSEP emphasizes original research reports that advance our understanding of human behavior as it relates to sport and exercise. Comprehensive reviews employing both qualitative and quantitative methods are also encouraged, as well as brief reports of soundly designed research studies that are of special interest or importance. Areas of interest include research in social, clinical, developmental, and experimental psychology, as well as psychobiology and personality. Moreover, the terms sport and exercise may pertain to either the independent or dependent variables. Generally speaking, work on motor control processes, studies of sport as a social institution, or broader social issues are beyond the scope of JSEP. A wide variety of methods are acceptable for studying sport and exercise psychology topics.
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