Radial artery superficialization for hemodialysis patients with severe heart failure: A case report.

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and/or arteriovenous graft (AVG) burdens cardiac load. It is a challenge to create a vascular access (VA) on a patient who suffers severe heart failure and also combines with contraindications of central vein catheter implantation. Superficialized radial artery (RA) could be an available VA as an outflow for continuous hemodialysis. A 57-year-old male had a left arm distal radiocephalic fistula for hemodialysis for 10 months. The patient showed gradual aggravation of heart failure. RA superficialization was performed under anesthesia protocols and surgery steps. Fourteen days after the surgery, the superficialized artery supplied the hemodialysis as an outflow without any uncomfortable and complications. The echocardiographies present the changes of the heart structures and functions during the whole period from the beginning of AVF formation to the 18-month follow-up RA superficialization. RA superficialization technique should be an alternative VA for continuous hemodialysis under suitable conditions.