RNA干扰在畜牧场节肢动物害虫管理中的应用。

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY
Valeria Bonina, Salvatore Arpaia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

农场动物的害虫管理是控制对畜牧业生产的经济损失和防止严重疾病传播给牲畜的重要行动。使用化学杀虫剂仍然是农民最常用的方法;然而,避免对动物可能产生的毒性影响是与动物健康相适应的害虫控制措施的一项基本任务。此外,法律限制和目标物种对现有杀虫化合物的抵抗力增强,使农民的经营越来越复杂。在生物控制或使用天然产品作为喷雾剂方面,已经探索了化学农药的替代品,并取得了一些有希望的结果。RNA干扰技术的应用为农业害虫防治提供了新的手段,为控制牲畜节肢动物害虫开辟了一条有前景的途径。受体生物的特定靶基因的转录缺失是基于能够损害基本蛋白质产生的双链RNA(dsRNA)的作用。它们的作用模式基于对短基因组序列的特异性识别,预计对可能暴露的非目标生物具有高度选择性;此外,哺乳动物细胞摄取dsRNA存在物理和化学障碍,这使得这些产物对高等动物几乎无害。本综述总结了现有关于家畜节肢动物害虫主要类群(Acarina、Diptera、Blattoidea)基因沉默的文献,探讨了基于dsRNA的杀虫剂对农场动物主要害虫的实际应用前景。对知识差距进行总结,以促进这一领域的进一步研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The use of RNA interference for the management of arthropod pests in livestock farms
      L'uso di RNA interferente per il controllo degli artropodi infestanti negli allevamenti

The use of RNA interference for the management of arthropod pests in livestock farms L'uso di RNA interferente per il controllo degli artropodi infestanti negli allevamenti

Pest management in farm animals is an important action to contain economic damage to livestock production and prevent transmission of severe diseases to the stock. The use of chemical insecticides is still the most common approach followed by farmers; however, avoiding possible toxic effects on animals is a fundamental task for pest control measures compatible with animal well-being. Moreover, legal constraints and insurgence of resistance by target species to the available insecticidal compounds are increasingly complicating farmers' operations. Alternatives to chemical pesticides have been explored with some promising results in the area of biological control or the use of natural products as sprays. The application of RNA interference techniques has enabled the production of new means of pest control in agriculture, and it is opening a promising avenue for controlling arthropod pests of livestock. Transcript depletion of specific target genes of the recipient organisms is based on the action of double-strand RNAs (dsRNA) capable of impairing the production of fundamental proteins. Their mode of action, based on the specific recognition of short genomic sequences, is expected to be highly selective towards non-target organisms potentially exposed; in addition, there are physical and chemical barriers to dsRNA uptake by mammalian cells that render these products practically innocuous for higher animals. Summarising existing literature on gene silencing for main taxa of arthropod pests of livestock (Acarina, Diptera, Blattoidea), this review explores the perspectives of practical applications of dsRNA-based pesticides against the main pests of farm animals. Knowledge gaps are summarised to stimulate additional research in this area.

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来源期刊
Medical and Veterinary Entomology
Medical and Veterinary Entomology 农林科学-昆虫学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
5.30%
发文量
65
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Medical and Veterinary Entomology is the leading periodical in its field. The Journal covers the biology and control of insects, ticks, mites and other arthropods of medical and veterinary importance. The main strengths of the Journal lie in the fields of: -epidemiology and transmission of vector-borne pathogens changes in vector distribution that have impact on the pathogen transmission- arthropod behaviour and ecology- novel, field evaluated, approaches to biological and chemical control methods- host arthropod interactions. Please note that we do not consider submissions in forensic entomology.
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