When Patients Make Unexpected Medical Choices.

Background In the United States, about 500,000 patients are receiving maintenance dialysis for end-stage renal disease. The decision to discontinue dialysis and receive hospice care tends to be more difficult than to withhold or forego dialysis. Observations Supporting patient autonomy is an important health care priority that is recognized by most clinicians. However, some health care professionals are conflicted when patient autonomy varies from their treatment recommendations. This paper describes the case of a patient on kidney dialysis who chose to discontinue a potentially life-prolonging treatment. Conclusions Respecting a patient's autonomy to make informed decisions about their end-of-life care is a fundamental ethical and legal principle. Medical opinion should not and cannot overrule the wishes of a competent patient who refuses treatment.