{"title":"大就是坏:关于组织规模、逐利性和企业道德的成见。","authors":"Andrea Freund, Francis Flynn, Kieran O'Connor","doi":"10.1177/01461672231151791","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals tend to hold a dim view of for-profit corporations, believing that profit-seeking comes at the expense of ethicality. In the present research, we show that this belief is not universal; rather, people associate ethicality with an organization's <i>size</i>. Across nine experiments (<i>N</i> = 4,796), people stereotyped large companies as less ethical than small companies. This size-ethicality stereotype emerged spontaneously (Study 1), implicitly (Study 2), and across industries (Study 3). Moreover, we find this stereotype can be partly explained by perceptions of profit-seeking behavior (Supplementary Studies A and B), and that people construe profit-seeking and its relationship to ethicality <i>differently</i> when considering large and small companies (Study 4). People attribute greater profit-<i>maximizing</i> motives (relative to profit-<i>satisficing</i> motives) to large companies, and these attributions shape their subsequent judgments of ethicality (Study 5; Supplementary Studies C and D).</p>","PeriodicalId":19834,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Big Is Bad: Stereotypes About Organizational Size, Profit-Seeking, and Corporate Ethicality.\",\"authors\":\"Andrea Freund, Francis Flynn, Kieran O'Connor\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/01461672231151791\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Individuals tend to hold a dim view of for-profit corporations, believing that profit-seeking comes at the expense of ethicality. In the present research, we show that this belief is not universal; rather, people associate ethicality with an organization's <i>size</i>. Across nine experiments (<i>N</i> = 4,796), people stereotyped large companies as less ethical than small companies. This size-ethicality stereotype emerged spontaneously (Study 1), implicitly (Study 2), and across industries (Study 3). Moreover, we find this stereotype can be partly explained by perceptions of profit-seeking behavior (Supplementary Studies A and B), and that people construe profit-seeking and its relationship to ethicality <i>differently</i> when considering large and small companies (Study 4). People attribute greater profit-<i>maximizing</i> motives (relative to profit-<i>satisficing</i> motives) to large companies, and these attributions shape their subsequent judgments of ethicality (Study 5; Supplementary Studies C and D).</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19834,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672231151791\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2023/2/16 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672231151791","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2023/2/16 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
人们往往对营利性公司持负面看法,认为追求利润是以牺牲道德为代价的。在本研究中,我们发现这种看法并不普遍;相反,人们会将道德性与组织的规模联系起来。在九个实验中(N = 4,796 ),人们刻板地认为大公司比小公司道德水平低。这种规模-道德刻板印象是自发出现的(研究 1)、隐性出现的(研究 2)和跨行业出现的(研究 3)。此外,我们发现这种刻板印象在一定程度上可以用人们对追求利润行为的看法来解释(补充研究 A 和 B),而且在考虑大公司和小公司时,人们对追求利润及其与道德性的关系的理解是不同的(研究 4)。人们认为大公司具有更大的利润最大化动机(相对于利润满足动机而言),而这些动机影响了他们随后对道德性的判断(研究 5;补充研究 C 和 D)。
Big Is Bad: Stereotypes About Organizational Size, Profit-Seeking, and Corporate Ethicality.
Individuals tend to hold a dim view of for-profit corporations, believing that profit-seeking comes at the expense of ethicality. In the present research, we show that this belief is not universal; rather, people associate ethicality with an organization's size. Across nine experiments (N = 4,796), people stereotyped large companies as less ethical than small companies. This size-ethicality stereotype emerged spontaneously (Study 1), implicitly (Study 2), and across industries (Study 3). Moreover, we find this stereotype can be partly explained by perceptions of profit-seeking behavior (Supplementary Studies A and B), and that people construe profit-seeking and its relationship to ethicality differently when considering large and small companies (Study 4). People attribute greater profit-maximizing motives (relative to profit-satisficing motives) to large companies, and these attributions shape their subsequent judgments of ethicality (Study 5; Supplementary Studies C and D).
期刊介绍:
The Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin is the official journal for the Society of Personality and Social Psychology. The journal is an international outlet for original empirical papers in all areas of personality and social psychology.