Evaluation of anti-oxidant and anticancer effect of marine algae Cladophora glomerata in HT29 colon cancer cell lines- an in-vitro study.

Background: Marine algae are a huge Pandora's box of rich nutrients and huge medicinal compounds. These therapeutic compounds are investigated widely for their anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic properties.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer effect of the marine algae Cladophora glomerata (collected from Hare Island-Tuticorin region) on HT-29 colon cancer cell lines.

Methodology: The marine algae, Cladophora glomerata, was collected, processed, and authenticated. Methanol, Ethyl acetate, Chloroform, and Hexane extracts were prepared using a hot solvent extraction process. These extracts were subjected to SOD assay and MTT assay. 5 Fluorouracil was used as the positive control.

Results: The antioxidant activity of the SOD assay was found to be 85.66±0.81, 80.10±1.25, and 98±0.93 U/mg protein for methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and hexane extracts, respectively. L-Ascorbic acid was used as the positive control whose SOD antioxidant value was found to be 139±1.24 U/mg protein. The IC50 value of methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane algae extracts, and 5 Fluorouracil against HT29 cell lines was calculated to be 28.46±0.65, 48.56±1.19, 93.7±0.91, 88.53±0.83, and 8.2±1.3 μg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion: From the above study, we can infer that the methanol extracts of the algae Cladophora glomerata have excellent anticancer activity. Therefore, these compounds can be purified and analyzed further for a potential lead as an anticancer molecule.