巴西棕榈蜡纳米固态储热材料的制备及性能研究

S. Brichka
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引用次数: 1

摘要

利用相变材料的潜热储能由于其提供高密度横向储能的能力,已经引起了人们对太阳能和其他类型能源使用的兴趣。具有储存潜热的材料因其在人类活动的许多部门中的应用而变得具有吸引力。然而,材料的使用往往受到低导热性问题的限制,从固体到熔融状态的转变导致材料在容器中存储困难,并且需要特殊的热交换器来增加能源成本。解决上述问题的方法可能是制造固态的、形式稳定的储热元件。本研究通过将高岭土纳米管与巴西棕榈蜡混合,获得了一些具有相变的形状稳定材料,以改善其蓄热特性。高岭土纳米管在高温下与巴西棕榈熔化的蜡混合,并迅速冷却以防止纳米管沉积。制备了质量比分别为70/30、60/40和50/50的固体蜡/纳米管样品。纯蜡的固液相变积累热为189.09 J/g。巴西棕榈蜡的潜热比石蜡大25%左右。复合材料的潜热分别为:70/30、60/40和50/50样品的潜热分别为99.39 J/g、90.25 J/g和81.26 J/g。纳米材料的元素映射显示纳米管均匀分布在蜡中。根据x射线分析数据,由于复合材料的制备,各组分没有形成新的晶相,而是物理混合物。加热时,组件之间不会发生化学相互作用,这对材料积累热能很有用。红外光谱分析证实了3696 sm-1 (Al-O-H)和3621 sm-1 (Si-O-H)官能团吸收带的变化。在原生纳米管中,硅烷醇与铝醇基团的强度比大于1,而在复合材料中,硅烷醇与铝醇基团的强度比已经小于1。这种现象可以解释为,在蜡熔化过程中,蜡分子在纳米管的外表面发生了相互作用。圣经16,图5。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
OBTAINING AND PROPERTIES OF NANOSCALE SOLID-STATE HEAT STORAGE WITH CARNAUBA WAX
Latent thermal energy storage using phase change materials has attracted interest in the use of solar and other types of energy due to their ability to provide high density lateral energy storage. Materials with a latent heat of storage have become attractive for their use in many branches of human activity. However, the materials use is often limited by problems of low thermal conductivity, the transition from a solid to a molten state causes difficulties in storing materials in a container, and special heat exchangers are needed to increase the energy cost. The solution to the above problems may be to create solid-state, form-stable heat storage elements. In this work, a number of shape-stable materials with a phase transition were obtained from melts by mixing halloysite nanotubes with carnauba wax in order to improve the heat accumulation characteristics. Halloysite nanotubes were mixed at elevated temperatures with carnauba melted wax and rapidly cooled to prevent the nanotubes sedimentation. As a result, a series of solid wax/nanotube samples were prepared with weight ratios of 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50. Pure wax showed a accumulation heat of the solid-to-liquid phase transition of 189.09 J/g. Carnauba wax has a latent heat greater by about 25 % compared to paraffin. Composite materials had significantly lower latent heat, respectively, 99.39 J/g for 70/30, 90.25 J/g for 60/40, and 81.26 J/g for 50/50 samples. Elemental mapping of the nanomaterial revealed a nanotubes uniform distribution in the wax. According to the data of X-ray analysis, as a result of the composite materials preparation, the components did not form new crystalline phases, but they were physical mixtures. When heated, the components did not chemically interact with each other, which is useful for the accumulation of thermal energy by materials. Analysis of the IR spectra of the samples confirmed the change in the absorption bands of functional hydroxyl groups at 3696 sm–1 (Al–O–H) and 3621 sm–1 (Si–O–H). In primary nanotubes, the intensities ratio of silanol to aluminol groups is greater than unity, while in the composite it is already less than this value. This manifestation can be explained by the fact that, during the wax melting, the interaction of wax molecules on the outer surface of the nanotubes occurs. Bibl. 16, Fig. 5.
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