Oil pollution transformation in cryogenic soils of technogenic entities in Yakutia

The study results on the oil pollution biodegradation at technogenic entities (oil depots) of various climatic zones in Yakutia are presented. All the studied territories are characterized by a perennially frozen rocks, however, various mechanisms of oil pollution biodegradation of the soils in these territories have been established. It is shown that the degradation mechanism of oil pollution depends on climatic conditions, and a temperature is the main factor affecting the activity of soil microflora and its diversity. It has been established the oxidative degradation of oil pollution in the temperate zone with a sharply continental climate runs mainly due to biodegradation processes, and in the Arctic zone it is carried out under the influence of physical and chemical environmental factors. In Arctic soils biodegradation of oil pollution occurs by decay. As a result, the soils begin to colonize putrefactive and pathogenic microorganisms. It is recommended to carry out research on the development of effective methods for cleaning Arctic soils from oil pollution.