Tantangan Partisipasi Pemangku Kepentingan dalam Tata Kelola Sampah Kota Berkelanjutan

Economic growth and urbanization have triggered an uncontrolled urban waste problem. The development of studies since the 1990s shows that the implementation of waste management cannot be achieved without collaborative governance. Research related to the challenges on how to increase the participation of each stakeholder is important in the study of sustainable municipal waste management. Therefore, a literature review was conducted, where 22 related articles were analyzed to obtain better understanding of the sustainable municipal solid waste management. Afterwards, the relations between government, private sector and society as determinant factors of the management success were mapped. The challenge that various researchers have found so far is collaboration among these stakeholders. The analysis carried out in this article showed that there was no single best approach in managing municipal solid waste. However, collaboration among stakeholders could offer the best opportunity to create an appropriate governance. Some changes in the behavior of stakeholders are needed from the upstream to the downstream of waste management processes. Based on the literature review, study of sustainable municipal solid waste management has been developing into the discussion of various problems, responsibilities and relationships between the three main stakeholders. For further studies, research on the roles of public-private partnerships, especially at the local level, is needed, aiming to improve the quality of education and community awareness in sustainable waste management.