Release of GM-CSF, sE-Selectin, and SICAM-1 by Human Vascular Endothelium Stimulated with Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacterial Components

Gram-negative (Salmonella typhimurium porins and lipopolysaccharide-R), and Gram-positive bacterial components (lipoteichoic acid, muramic acid, muramyl-dipeptide, adjuvant peptide, protein A, toxic shock syndrome toxin-1, α-hemolysin) were tested for their ability to stimulate both the release of Granulocyte-Monocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and soluble E-selectin from human endothelial cells, and the surface expression of the adhesion molecules. Salmonella typhimurium porins and lipopolysaccharide-R (LPS-R) were able to induce the release of GM-CSF, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 in a dose dependent fashion. The greatest release of these factors was obtained using pork at a concentration of 5μg/ml and LPS-R at a concentration of 1μg/ml. The kinetics of release showed that LPS-R was able to stimulate the production of these factors earlier than porins but at a lower rate. Porins and LPS-R was also able to up-regulate the surface expression of E-selec...