c++ 11的动态竞争检测

Christopher Lidbury, A. Donaldson
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引用次数: 21

摘要

与C/ c++ 11内存模型相关的内存排序和同步的复杂规则意味着数据竞争很难从并发程序中消除。动态数据竞争分析可以确定大型复杂应用程序中的竞争,但是C/ c++最先进的ThreadSanitizer (tsan)工具只考虑顺序一致的程序执行,并且不能正确地模拟C/ c++ 11原子操作之间的同步。我们为C/ c++ 11提供了一个可扩展的动态数据竞争分析,它可以正确捕获C/ c++ 11的同步,并使用工具来支持对一类非顺序一致执行的探索。我们通过一个受限制的公理语义简明地定义了由我们的工具捕获的内存模型片段,并表明公理语义恰恰允许我们的工具所探索的那些执行。我们已经在tsan中实现了我们的分析,并在基准程序上评估了它的有效性,以便与CDSChecker工具以及两个大型且高度并发的应用程序(Firefox和Chromium web浏览器)进行比较。我们的结果表明,我们的方法可以检测超出原始tsan工具范围的竞争,并且将我们的增强检测应用于大型应用程序的开销是可以忍受的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dynamic race detection for C++11
The intricate rules for memory ordering and synchronisation associated with the C/C++11 memory model mean that data races can be difficult to eliminate from concurrent programs. Dynamic data race analysis can pinpoint races in large and complex applications, but the state-of-the-art ThreadSanitizer (tsan) tool for C/C++ considers only sequentially consistent program executions, and does not correctly model synchronisation between C/C++11 atomic operations. We present a scalable dynamic data race analysis for C/C++11 that correctly captures C/C++11 synchronisation, and uses instrumentation to support exploration of a class of non sequentially consistent executions. We concisely define the memory model fragment captured by our instrumentation via a restricted axiomatic semantics, and show that the axiomatic semantics permits exactly those executions explored by our instrumentation. We have implemented our analysis in tsan, and evaluate its effectiveness on benchmark programs, enabling a comparison with the CDSChecker tool, and on two large and highly concurrent applications: the Firefox and Chromium web browsers. Our results show that our method can detect races that are beyond the scope of the original tsan tool, and that the overhead associated with applying our enhanced instrumentation to large applications is tolerable.
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