Cytochrome P450s: Blueprints for Potential Applications in Plants

Cytochrome P450s belong to a particular class of enzymes (Oxygenases) which are extensively distributed in all classes of organisms that attract the interest of scientists worldwide. It has been proved multi-functioned super gene family that sophisticates the biosynthesis of several endogenous molecules and metabolism of discrete pharmacologically important oxymolecules such as Antibiotics, essential secondary metabolites, fatty acid conjugates, signaling molecules, lipid degradation, hormones and many more. In this article, we briefly overviewed the heterogeneous role of the superfamily of Cytochrome P450 based on recent advances in molecular biology and genetic engineering. The inevitable role of Cytochrome P450s proteins in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites likewise Hormones, Flavonoids, signaling molecules and other important pigments in plants such as anthocyanin, terpenoids and their pharmacological significance are specifically focused. We have predicted the distinctive metabolic networks and molecular characteristics of Safflower genome based on extensive transcriptome analysis from various developmental stages of floral tissues. The presence of repeated sequences, high copy number coding and noncoding RNA sequences and high expression level in the petals provide a gateway to enable the development of all-inclusive gene networks for economic and clinical features of Cytochrome P450 family. The implementation of metabolic engineering in floral pigments and alteration in their biosynthetic pathways can be exploited for a comprehensive understanding of several other pathways which invites new avenues for novel therapeutic blueprints and drug development