临终关怀中的法律问题:印度的现状和未来的道路

Anjali Gera, B. Sharma, J. Sood
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引用次数: 0

摘要

临终关怀(EOL)是一种多学科的方法,为患有晚期,进展,无法治愈或限制生命的疾病的个人提供“全人关怀”,以预防或减轻痛苦,目标是在尊重患者意愿的同时尽可能减少痛苦。重点是舒适、症状控制和死亡质量(QOD),而不是实际治疗或延长生命。它包括停止或撤销生命支持治疗,并开始临终病人的姑息治疗。然而,人们和卫生保健工作者缺乏认识以及法律框架不健全是确保良好上帝的障碍。所有这些问题导致绝症患者在重症监护病房的住院时间延长,经济费用高昂,家庭情绪紧张,导致医疗保健系统负担过重。EOL护理给医生带来了许多法律和伦理问题。在作出治疗决策时,保护包括病人家属和社会在内的所有有关个人的权利、尊严和活力是至关重要的。医生必须理解相关的法律和生物医学伦理概念,以解决EOL护理问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Legal issues in end-of-life care: Current status in India and the road ahead
End-of-life (EOL) care is a multidisciplinary approach to provide 'whole person care' to individuals with advanced, progressive, incurable or life-limiting illnesses to prevent or relieve suffering with a goal to reduce suffering as much as possible while respecting the patient's wishes. The focus is on comfort, symptom control and quality of death (QOD) rather than actual treatment or prolonging life. It includes withholding or withdrawing life support treatments and initiating palliative care in terminally ill patients. However, lack of awareness amongst people and healthcare workers and inadequate legal framework are barriers to ensuring good QOD. All these issues result in a prolonged stay of terminally ill patients in intensive care units, high financial costs and emotional stress to the family, resulting in an excessive burden on the healthcare system. EOL care poses numerous legal and ethical problems for physicians. It is critical in therapeutic decision-making to protect the rights, dignity and vigour of all individuals concerned, including the patient's family members and the society. Physicians must comprehend the concepts of relevant legal and biomedical ethics to solve EOL care issues.
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