加纳Tarkwa-Nsuaem市手工和小规模采矿的空间分析

B. Kumi-Boateng, E. Stemn
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引用次数: 7

摘要

近年来,公众对手工和小规模金矿开采对环境、公共健康和安全的影响以及监测手工和小规模金矿开采活动的必要性提出了强烈抗议。为了有效地制定和部署政策应对ASM对环境和人类健康的影响,了解ASM场址的位置和分布是一个先决条件。然而,关于ASM热点和空间分布、ASM操作的范围和类型的信息很难找到。因此,本研究旨在使用基于卫星的数据绘制ASM站点,重点是Tarkwa-Nsuaem市作为研究区域。从美国地质调查局网站下载的Landsat 8卫星图像应用了几种图像处理技术。通过图像处理,共识别出221个ASM站点群,占研究区总面积的12.72%。为了进一步探索这些ASM站点的影响,定义了包括森林保护区、河流、大型矿山和城市住区在内的兴趣区域(AOI)。通过选择和分析与AOI相关的ASM站点的位置和分布,该研究有效地确定了环境敏感和关键区域,需要社会紧急关注,以减轻研究区域内ASM对健康、安全和生态系统服务的影响。通过确定受ASM影响的环境敏感地区,研究结果可以支持填海工作的优先次序。关键词:手工小规模采矿,卫星图像,环境影响,公共健康与安全
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Spatial Analysis of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining in the Tarkwa-Nsuaem Municipality of Ghana
Abstract In recent times there have been lots of public outcry on the environmental and public health and safety effects of Artisanal and Small-scale gold Mining (ASM) and the need to monitor ASM activities for reclamation purposes. To effectively develop and deploy policy responses to the environmental and human health effects of ASM, knowledge of the locations and distribution of ASM sites is a prerequisite. However, information regarding ASM hotspots and spatial distribution, the scope and types of ASM operations are hard to find. Therefore, this research was designed to use satellite-based data to map out ASM sites, focusing on the Tarkwa-Nsuaem municipality as the study area. Several image processing techniques were applied on a Landsat 8 satellite image downloaded from the US Geological Survey website. The image processing resulted in the identification of 221 clusters of ASM sites, representing 12.72% of the total size of the study area. To further explore the effects of these ASM sites, Areas of Interest (AOI) including forest reserve, rivers, large-scale mines and urban settlements were defined. By selecting and analysing the location and distribution of the ASM sites in relations to the AOI, the study was effective in identifying environmentally sensitive and critical areas warranting the urgent attention of society to mitigate the health, safety and ecosystem service effects of ASM in the study area. By identifying the environmental sensitive areas being affected by ASM, the findings could support the prioritisation of reclamation efforts.   Keywords: Artisanal Small-Scale Mining, Satellite Image, Environmental Effect, Public Health and Safety
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