Z- and Z-Parameters in Frequency and Time Domain: In accordance with expectations?

Network parameters are important table based descriptions of components and subcircuits which are often used in circuit and system design. Well known relationships support the conversion between these parameters. As applications increasingly cover a wider frequency range with wave propagation effects gaining importance, the relationship between S-parameters and other network parameters should be validated again their applicability. As we are focusing on the Z-parameters as an important type of network parameters, its suitability for describing the behavior of a transmission line is being debated in the frequency- and time-domain. Additionally, the impact of limiting the S- or Z-parameters in the frequency domain is investigated. Finally, S- and Z-parameters are being used to represent measurements of elements of a multiline TRL test board.