G. U. Sikakwe, God’swill Abam Eyong, Benneth Uduak Ilaomo
{"title":"矿区周边耕地土壤有毒微量元素污染及相关人体健康风险评价","authors":"G. U. Sikakwe, God’swill Abam Eyong, Benneth Uduak Ilaomo","doi":"10.1080/15320383.2023.2172381","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Soil contamination with TEs around mining areas without monitoring and risk assessment has serious human health implications. Soil samples were collected around the Abakaliki Pb-Zn mine sites. Lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), barium (Ba), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr) and major oxides were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence technique. Acidity (pH), redox potential (Eh), electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were analyzed using pH/conductivity meter. The mean value of pH (6.4) reflects moderately acidic soils, while means of 422, 182 and 295 mg kg− for EC, TDS and Eh, respectively, indicated less conductive soils. Zn obtained the highest mean (42023 mg kg−) and Cr the least (14.8 mg kg−). Silicon (iv) oxide (SiO2) recorded the highest mean of 44.7 mg kg− while chromium oxide (Cr2O3) had the least mean (0.02 mg kg−). Strong positive correlation among Pb, Zn and Mn indicated that they had a common source. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that sources of elements are from weathering of galena and sphalerite deposits. Pb means for contamination factor (Cf), geo accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk (EiR) and potential ecological risk index (IR) are 726, 4.8, 3632 and 4120, respectively. The results show that the soil in the region has reached the heavily extremely contaminated level and very high risk level. Ingestion is the major pathway for non-carcinogenic risk, and children are more vulnerable to carcinogenic risk than adults. Hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard index (HI) values in few locations showed the possibility of humans contracting cancer. Lifetime average daily dose (LADD) values of carcinogenic risk (9.12 × 10−6, 2.3 × 10−6 and 3.92 × 10−5) exceeded the upper and lower limits of 1 × 10−4 and 1 × 10−6. This study is invaluable in assessing ecological and health risk in agricultural soils around mining areas.","PeriodicalId":21865,"journal":{"name":"Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"1157 - 1192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Contamination of Arable Soil with Toxic Trace Elements (Tes) around Mine Sites and the Assessment of Associated Human Health Risks\",\"authors\":\"G. U. 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Silicon (iv) oxide (SiO2) recorded the highest mean of 44.7 mg kg− while chromium oxide (Cr2O3) had the least mean (0.02 mg kg−). Strong positive correlation among Pb, Zn and Mn indicated that they had a common source. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that sources of elements are from weathering of galena and sphalerite deposits. Pb means for contamination factor (Cf), geo accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk (EiR) and potential ecological risk index (IR) are 726, 4.8, 3632 and 4120, respectively. The results show that the soil in the region has reached the heavily extremely contaminated level and very high risk level. Ingestion is the major pathway for non-carcinogenic risk, and children are more vulnerable to carcinogenic risk than adults. Hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard index (HI) values in few locations showed the possibility of humans contracting cancer. Lifetime average daily dose (LADD) values of carcinogenic risk (9.12 × 10−6, 2.3 × 10−6 and 3.92 × 10−5) exceeded the upper and lower limits of 1 × 10−4 and 1 × 10−6. 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引用次数: 2
摘要
未经监测和风险评估的矿区周边土壤TEs污染对人类健康有严重影响。在Abakaliki铅锌矿附近采集了土壤样本。采用x射线荧光技术对铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、铬(Cr)、钡(Ba)、铷(Rb)、锶(Sr)及其主要氧化物进行了分析。采用pH/电导率仪对其酸度(pH)、氧化还原电位(Eh)、电导率(EC)和总溶解固形物(TDS)进行分析。pH平均值(6.4)反映了中等酸性土壤,而EC、TDS和Eh的平均值分别为422、182和295 mg kg -,表明土壤的导电性较差。Zn的平均值最高(42023 mg kg -), Cr的平均值最低(14.8 mg kg -)。氧化硅(SiO2)的平均值最高,为44.7 mg kg -,而氧化铬(Cr2O3)的平均值最低,为0.02 mg kg -。Pb、Zn、Mn具有较强的正相关关系,表明它们具有共同的来源。主成分分析表明,元素来源于方铅矿和闪锌矿矿床的风化作用。污染因子(Cf)、地质累积指数(Igeo)、潜在生态风险指数(EiR)和潜在生态风险指数(IR)的Pb均值分别为726、4.8、3632和4120。结果表明,该地区土壤已达到重度极污染和极高风险水平。摄入是非致癌风险的主要途径,儿童比成人更容易发生致癌风险。危害商(HQ)和总危害指数(HI)值在少数地点显示人类感染癌症的可能性。终生平均日剂量(LADD)致癌风险值(9.12 × 10−6、2.3 × 10−6和3.92 × 10−5)超过了1 × 10−4和1 × 10−6的上限和下限。这项研究对评估矿区周围农业土壤的生态和健康风险具有不可估量的价值。
Contamination of Arable Soil with Toxic Trace Elements (Tes) around Mine Sites and the Assessment of Associated Human Health Risks
ABSTRACT Soil contamination with TEs around mining areas without monitoring and risk assessment has serious human health implications. Soil samples were collected around the Abakaliki Pb-Zn mine sites. Lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), barium (Ba), rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr) and major oxides were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence technique. Acidity (pH), redox potential (Eh), electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were analyzed using pH/conductivity meter. The mean value of pH (6.4) reflects moderately acidic soils, while means of 422, 182 and 295 mg kg− for EC, TDS and Eh, respectively, indicated less conductive soils. Zn obtained the highest mean (42023 mg kg−) and Cr the least (14.8 mg kg−). Silicon (iv) oxide (SiO2) recorded the highest mean of 44.7 mg kg− while chromium oxide (Cr2O3) had the least mean (0.02 mg kg−). Strong positive correlation among Pb, Zn and Mn indicated that they had a common source. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that sources of elements are from weathering of galena and sphalerite deposits. Pb means for contamination factor (Cf), geo accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk (EiR) and potential ecological risk index (IR) are 726, 4.8, 3632 and 4120, respectively. The results show that the soil in the region has reached the heavily extremely contaminated level and very high risk level. Ingestion is the major pathway for non-carcinogenic risk, and children are more vulnerable to carcinogenic risk than adults. Hazard quotient (HQ) and total hazard index (HI) values in few locations showed the possibility of humans contracting cancer. Lifetime average daily dose (LADD) values of carcinogenic risk (9.12 × 10−6, 2.3 × 10−6 and 3.92 × 10−5) exceeded the upper and lower limits of 1 × 10−4 and 1 × 10−6. This study is invaluable in assessing ecological and health risk in agricultural soils around mining areas.