Abstract 628: Ophtalmological manifestations of acute leukemias at university hospital center Yalgado Ouedrago

Acute leukaemias constitute 9.04% of malignant hemopathies (Burkina Faso, 2015). Their manifestations are mainly haematological, however other less frequent attacks are possible. We report here for the first time in Burkina Faso, three cases of ocular localizations in young adults. Observation 1: S.I, male, 17-year-old patient, student living in Ouagadougou with a history of recurrent sore throat and ear infections. He was admitted for asthenia and pallor in the context of polytransfusion. The myelogram showed a rich marrow marked by the presence of 15% blast cells. Ophthalmologic examination reported visual acuity of 1/10, stage II proptosis and lower chemosis, and massive retinal and macular hemorrhage. Chemotherapy could not be performed. he died a week later. Observation 2: TB, male, 23-year-old patient, welder, suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed in front of a severe recurrent anemia and confirmed by a myelogram, showing a rich marrow infiltrated by lymphoblasts representing 47% of the medullary cells. The ophthalmologic examination revealed conjunctival-palpebral infiltration by acute leukemia with myogenic ptosis. The evolution was marked by an improvement in symptoms after a cure according to the Vincristine-Prednisone protocol and he was discharged from hospital weeks later. He was subsequently lost to follow-up. Observation 3: KK male, 25-year-old patient, artisanal miner residing in Ouagadougou with a history of peptic ulcer disease, carrier of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) confirmed by a myelogram. The ophthalmologic examination concludes with a bilateral inflammatory orthopathy with an exposure keratitis on site of AML. He received transfusion of concentrates of red blood cells and platelets, as well as corticosteroid therapy for 04 days. The following was marked by a rapid worsening of the symptoms and the death of the patient a week later. Conclusion: The extra-haematological manifestations of acute leukemia are rare. They are associated with a pejorative prognosis. This series of 03 cases that we report is the first described to date in our context. Citation Format: Kalo Roland Millogo, Delphine Kabore, Solo Traore. Ophtalmological manifestations of acute leukemias at university hospital center Yalgado Ouedrago [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 628.