美国烤烟育种的历史概况

中国烟草科学 Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI:10.3381/0082-4623-44.1.59

D. Bowman, V. Sisson

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引用次数: 10

摘要

烤烟的育种始于美国，当时农民对现有品种进行了选择和再选择。有组织的烟草育种始于1928年科克纯种种子公司。参与美国烟草育种的其他主要种子公司是麦克奈尔种子公司和斯佩特种子农场。几家较小的公司也存在了很短的时间。霍伊特·罗杰斯博士是烤烟育种家的鼻祖，他为品种标准化和产量提高做出了贡献。过去，私营和公共部门的杰出人士在提高抗病能力方面发挥了重要作用，这是自20世纪30年代以来烤烟育种的主要重点。目前，烟草公司R.J.雷诺兹，环球树叶和美国烟草公司都参与了育种。公共繁殖仅限于北卡罗来纳州，弗吉尼亚州和南卡罗来纳州，而有六个私人繁殖公司。目前烤烟育种是一项生机勃勃的活动，但面临着严峻的挑战。

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A HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO BREEDING IN THE U.S.A

Abstract Breeding of flue-cured tobacco began in the United States as farmers made selections and reselections of existing cultivars. Organized tobacco breeding began in 1928 with Coker Pedigreed Seed Company. Other major seed companies involved in U.S. tobacco breeding were McNair Seed Company and Speight Seed Farms. Several smaller companies also existed for short periods of time. The patriarch of flue-cured tobacco breeders was Dr. Hoyt Rogers, who contributed to standardization of cultivars and yield improvements. In the past, prominent individuals in both the private and public sectors were instrumental in improving disease resistance, the primary focus of flue-cured tobacco breeding since the 1930s. Currently, tobacco companies R.J. Reynolds, Universal Leaf, and U.S. Tobacco are involved in breeding. Public breeding is limited to North Carolina, Virginia, and South Carolina, while there are six private breeding companies. Flue-cured tobacco breeding at present is a vibrant activity, but it faces pol...

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来源期刊

中国烟草科学烟草

自引率

0.00%

发文量

3722

期刊介绍： Chinese Tobacco Science is an academic scientific journal (bimonthly) under the supervision of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, and sponsored by the Tobacco Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Qingzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation. It was founded in 1979 and is publicly distributed nationwide. The journal mainly publishes academic papers on scientific research results, new production technologies, and modern management in my country's tobacco science research and tobacco production technology. In addition, it also publishes forward-looking review articles in the field of tobacco research. There are columns such as tobacco genetics and breeding, cultivation technology, modulation and processing, physiology and biochemistry, plant protection, review or monograph, quality chemistry, etc.