Structural Performance of Topologically Interlocked Flat Vaults According to Joint Details

Although the notion of topological interlocking (TI) is not new, today's environment of parametric design tools encourages architects and engineers to reconsider the potential of TI systems and alternative geometries for TI blocks. This paper aims to generate alternatives for TI blocks by increasing the contact surface area of interlocking using X-joints to demonstrate the relationship between contact surface incrementation and structural performance of slab-like TI assemblies. A case study is presented in which two flat vaults with dimensions of 50 × 50 cm were designed using truncated octahedra and a new geometry based on X-joints added to the truncated octahedra. Each flat vault was subjected to a finite element analysis using SimScale to compare structural performances using displacement and von Mises stress maps. According to the findings, there was a 74.7% improvement in displacement and 76.8% reduction in von Mises stresses. Another analysis was conducted over a seven-element system by applying force to the centre element to measure the results on a single element. Results indicated a 41.7% improvement in displacement and a 39% reduction in von Mises stresses. The improved structural performance was demonstrated through these two-stage evaluations.