精神运动警戒任务在航空航天及相关作业疲劳评估及医疗防护措施评价中的应用

中华航空航天医学杂志 Pub Date : 2016-06-15 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1007-6239.2016.02.021

H. Zhan, Hua Ge, Fu Weiwei

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的综述精神运动警觉性任务(PVT)在航空航天及相关作业的疲劳评估和医疗防护措施评价中的应用研究进展。文献资源与选择国内外发表的相关文章。文献引用文献38篇。综述了PVT在航空航天及相关作业疲劳评估和医疗防护措施评价中的应用研究进展。PVT是一种常用的警觉性评价方法。它可以检测受试者对视觉刺激的持续注意力和反应时间。PVT在经典检测方法的基础上进行了便携式智能修改，显著减少了个人测试时间，提高了检测效率。许多研究表明，PVT可用于检测睡眠剥夺、艰苦的脑力劳动和环境热应激等实验条件下引起的中枢性疲劳。在模拟和实际的航天作业中，PVT也是评估机组人员和航天员中枢疲劳的有效方法。此外，PVT还可用于评价合理安排作息、白光照射、经颅直流电刺激、合理使用催眠药和促醒剂等针对航空航天及相关操作疲劳的医疗防护措施的有效性。结论PVT因其操作简便、结果可靠等优点，在航空航天及相关作业的疲劳评估和医疗防护措施评价中得到了广泛的应用。在实际应用中，如果与其他方法相结合，将进一步提高其评价效率。关键词:疲劳;睡眠;认知;卫生服务;文献综述;精神运动警觉性测验

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Application of psychomotor vigilance task in fatigue assessment of aerospace and related operations and in evaluation of the medical protection measures

Objective To review the research advances related to the application of psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) in the fatigue assessment of aerospace and related operations and in the evaluation of the medical protection measures. Literature resource and selection Relevant articles published in China and abroad. Literature quotation Thirty-eight published references were cited. Literature synthesis The research advances related to the application of PVT in fatigue assessment of aerospace and related operations and in evaluation of the medical protection measures were reviewed. PVT is a commonly used method to evaluate the alertness. It can detect the sustained attention and reaction time of subjects to visual stimuli. On the basis of the classical detection method, PVT had done a portable intelligent modification and the personal test time was significantly reduced to improve the detection efficiency. Many investigations had demonstrated that PVT was used in the detection of central fatigue induced by sleep deprivation, hard mental work and environmental heat stress and other experimental conditions. In simulated and practical aerospace operations, PVT was also a useful method to evaluate the central fatigue of aircrew and astronauts. In addition, PVT can also be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the following medical protection measures against aerospace and related operational fatigue, such as reasonable arrangement of work and rest, white light irradiation, transcranial direct current stimulation, rational use of hypnotics and wake-promoting agents and so on. Conclusions Because of the advantages of easy operation and reliable results, PVT have been widely used in fatigue assessment of aerospace and related operations as well as the evaluation of the medical protection measures. In practice, its evaluation efficiency would be further improved if it combined with other method. Key words: Fatigue; Sleep; Cognition; Health services; Literature review; Psychomotor vigilance test

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来源期刊

中华航空航天医学杂志航空航天医学

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发文量

2962

期刊介绍： The aim of Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine is to combine theory and practice, improve and popularize, actively advocate a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, advocate seeking truth from facts, promote the development of the related disciplines of aerospace medicine and human efficiency, and promote the exchange and penetration of aerospace medicine and human efficiency with other biomedical and engineering specialties. Topics of interest for Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine include: -The content of the journal belongs to the discipline of special medicine and military medicine, with the characteristics of multidisciplinary synthesis and cross-penetration, and mainly reflected in the aerospace industry, aerospace flight safety and efficiency, as well as the synthesis of special medicine, preventive medicine, environmental medicine, psychology, etc. -Military aeromedicine (Air Force, Navy and Army aeromedicine) and civil aeromedicine, with a balance of aerospace medicine are the strengths of the journal. -The change in aerospace medicine from a focus on promoting physiological compensatory adaptations to enhancing human performance under extreme environmental conditions is what the journal is helping to promote. -The expansion of manuscripts in high altitude medicine is also a special emphasis of the journal.