C. Nshii, C. Ironside, M. Sorel, T. Slight, S.Y. Zhang, D. Revin, J. Cockburn
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Quantum cascade ring lasers: Unidirectional operation and coupled ring tuning
Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are semiconductor lasers based on intersubband transitions in quantum wells [1]. Semiconductor lasers in ring format do not need cleaved facets or gratings to achieve optical feedback required for lasing and could support either bidirectional or unidirectional operation[2].