中等强度体力活动对两种不同品系生长猪行为、跛行和骨软骨病的影响

A. Boudon , M. Karhapää , H. Siljander-Rasi , E. Cantaloube , L. Brossard , N. Le Floc'h , M.C. Meunier-Salaün
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在养猪业中,身体限制和高产的遗传选择是腿部疾病发展的危险因素,如运动能力下降。需要探索这两个因素之间的相互作用。本试验选用低残采食量和高残采食量(LRFI, HRFI) 2个不同品系第8代的80头纯种大白生长肥育猪进行2个重复试验。每个重复包括40头LRFI猪和40头HRFI猪,饲养在部分板条地板上的房间里,在两个重复期间配备了分选器,允许使用电子自喂食器。耳标确定了猪在分拣机离开后朝向房间的哪一边以及回到分拣机的距离(短:自发活动,长:强迫活动(FA))。每周使用视觉步态评分对跛行进行单独评估。在屠宰时(体重100公斤),在肱骨和股骨的近端和远端进行骨软骨病(OC)病变的死后定量分析。低RFI猪的饲料转化率较低(P <0.001)。他们还显示,每天的分拣次数和活猪的比例也较低,这证实了他们的体力活动较低。强制活动明显增加了分选机交叉次数/d/头(P <0.001),而且低rfi猪中FA的影响程度明显低于HRFI猪。步态的发生率较低(不到记录得分的9%)。LRFI猪的僵硬评分比例高于HRFI猪(P <0.0001)。LRFI猪的平均跛行评分也较高,FA猪的平均跛行评分较低(P <0.05)。LRFI系的猪在肱骨近端和股骨的OC评分均较高(P <0.001),肱骨远端表面评价OC评分较低(P <0.05)。LRFI猪胴体较重,瘦肉率较高(P <0.001)。大多数OC分数不受FA影响。在LRFI猪中,只有股骨远端OC评分(切片法)随着活动的增加而升高,而在HRFI猪中则较低(P <0.05)。来自LRFI系的猪软骨合成和降解的血清生物标志物更高,但个体OC评分与软骨生物标志物含量之间没有相关性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of moderate forced physical activity on behaviour, lameness and osteochondrosis in growing pigs from two divergent lines selected for feed efficiency

In pig farming, physical constraints and genetic selection for high production are risk factors for the development of leg disorders, such as degraded locomotor activity. Interactions between both factors need to be explored. The study was carried out on two replicates of 80 pure-bred Large White growing-finishing pigs from the 8th generation of two divergent lines selected for low and high residual feed intake (LRFI, HRFI). Each replicate included 40 LRFI pigs and 40 HRFI pigs, housed on partly slatted flooring in a room equipped with a sorter allowing access to electronic self-feeders during two replicates. Ear tags determined the side of the room to which the pigs were oriented after the sorter exit and the distance back to the sorter (short: spontaneous activity, long: forced activity (FA)). Lameness was assessed individually weekly using visual gait scoring. At slaughter (weight of 100 kg), postmortem quantification of osteochondrosis (OC) lesions was performed on both the proximal and distal extremities of the humerus and femur. Low RFI pigs showed a lower feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001). They also showed lower individual numbers of sorter crossings per day and a lower proportion of standing pigs, which confirmed their lower physical activity. Forced activity clearly increased the number of sorter crossings/d/pig (P < 0.001), and the magnitude of the effect of FA was clearly lower in LRFI pigs than in HRFI pigs. The occurrence of gait was low (less than 9% of recorded scores). The proportion of scores classified as stiffness was higher for LRFI pigs than in HRFI pigs (P < 0.0001). The average lameness score was also higher for LRFI pigs and lower with FA (P < 0.05). The pigs of the LRFI line showed higher OC scores on both the proximal humerus and femur (P < 0.001) and lower OC scores on the distal humerus with surface evaluation (P < 0.05). The carcasses of LRFI pigs were heavier with a higher lean meat percentage (P < 0.001). Most OC scores were unaffected by FA. Only the OC scores of the distal femur (slice method) were higher with increased activity in LRFI pigs, whereas they were lower in HRFI pigs (P < 0.05). Seric biomarkers of cartilage synthesis and degradation were higher for pigs from the LRFI line, but no correlation could be observed between individual OC scores and cartilage biomarker contents.

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